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Growth trajectories for executive and social cognitive abilities in an Indian population sample: Impact of demographic and psychosocial determinants

Growth trajectories for executive and social cognitive abilities in an Indian population sample: Impact of demographic and psychosocial determinants
Growth trajectories for executive and social cognitive abilities in an Indian population sample: Impact of demographic and psychosocial determinants

Cognitive abilities are markers of brain development and psychopathology. Abilities, across executive, and social domains need better characterization over development, including factors that influence developmental change. This study is based on the cVEDA [Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions] study, an Indian population based developmental cohort. Verbal working memory, visuo-spatial working memory, response inhibition, set-shifting, and social cognition (faux pas recognition and emotion recognition) were cross-sectionally assessed in > 8000 individuals over the ages 6-23 years. There was adequate representation across sex, urban-rural background, psychosocial risk (psychopathology, childhood adversity and wealth index, i.e. socio-economic status). Quantile regression was used to model developmental change. Age-based trajectories were generated, along with examination of the impact of determinants (sex, childhood adversity, and wealth index). Development in both executive and social cognitive abilities continued into adulthood. Maturation and stabilization occurred in increasing order of complexity, from working memory to inhibitory control to cognitive flexibility. Age related change was more pronounced for low quantiles in response inhibition (β∼4 versus </=2 for higher quantiles), but for higher quantiles in set-shifting (β > -1 versus -0.25 for lower quantiles). Wealth index had the largest influence on developmental change across cognitive abilities. Sex differences were prominent in response inhibition, set-shifting and emotion recognition. Childhood adversity had a negative influence on cognitive development. These findings add to the limited literature on patterns and determinants of cognitive development. They have implications for understanding developmental vulnerabilities in young persons, and the need for providing conducive socio-economic environments.

Cognitive development, Emotion recognition, Executive functions, Growth trajectory, Quantile regression, Social cognition
1876-2018
Sharma, Eesha
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Ravi, G S
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Kumar, Keshav
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Thennarasu, Kandavel
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Heron, Jon
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Hickman, Matthew
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Vaidya, Nilakshi
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Holla, Bharath
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Rangaswamy, Madhavi
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Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan
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Krishna, Murali
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Chakrabarti, Amit
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Basu, Debashish
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Nanjayya, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi
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Singh, Rajkumar Lenin
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Lourembam, Roshan
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Kumaran, Kalyanaraman
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Kuriyan, Rebecca
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Kurpad, Sunita Simon
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Kartik, Kamakshi
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Kalyanram, Kartik
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Desrivieres, Sylvane
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Barker, Gareth
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Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos
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Toledano, Mireille
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Purushottam, Meera
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Bharath, Rose Dawn
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Murthy, Pratima
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Jain, Sanjeev
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Schumann, Gunter
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Benegal, Vivek
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cVEDA Consortium
Sharma, Eesha
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Ravi, G S
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Kumar, Keshav
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Thennarasu, Kandavel
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Heron, Jon
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Hickman, Matthew
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Vaidya, Nilakshi
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Holla, Bharath
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Rangaswamy, Madhavi
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Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan
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Krishna, Murali
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Chakrabarti, Amit
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Basu, Debashish
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Nanjayya, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi
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Singh, Rajkumar Lenin
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Lourembam, Roshan
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Kumaran, Kalyanaraman
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Kuriyan, Rebecca
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Kurpad, Sunita Simon
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Kartik, Kamakshi
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Kalyanram, Kartik
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Desrivieres, Sylvane
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Barker, Gareth
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Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos
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Toledano, Mireille
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Purushottam, Meera
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Bharath, Rose Dawn
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Murthy, Pratima
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Jain, Sanjeev
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Schumann, Gunter
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Benegal, Vivek
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Sharma, Eesha, Ravi, G S, Kumar, Keshav, Thennarasu, Kandavel, Heron, Jon, Hickman, Matthew, Holla, Bharath, Rangaswamy, Madhavi, Mehta, Urvakhsh Meherwan, Krishna, Murali, Chakrabarti, Amit, Basu, Debashish, Nanjayya, Subodh Bhagyalakshmi, Singh, Rajkumar Lenin, Lourembam, Roshan, Kumaran, Kalyanaraman, Kuriyan, Rebecca, Kurpad, Sunita Simon, Kartik, Kamakshi, Kalyanram, Kartik, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Barker, Gareth, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Toledano, Mireille, Purushottam, Meera, Bharath, Rose Dawn, Murthy, Pratima, Jain, Sanjeev, Schumann, Gunter and Benegal, Vivek , cVEDA Consortium (2023) Growth trajectories for executive and social cognitive abilities in an Indian population sample: Impact of demographic and psychosocial determinants. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 82, [103475]. (doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103475).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Cognitive abilities are markers of brain development and psychopathology. Abilities, across executive, and social domains need better characterization over development, including factors that influence developmental change. This study is based on the cVEDA [Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions] study, an Indian population based developmental cohort. Verbal working memory, visuo-spatial working memory, response inhibition, set-shifting, and social cognition (faux pas recognition and emotion recognition) were cross-sectionally assessed in > 8000 individuals over the ages 6-23 years. There was adequate representation across sex, urban-rural background, psychosocial risk (psychopathology, childhood adversity and wealth index, i.e. socio-economic status). Quantile regression was used to model developmental change. Age-based trajectories were generated, along with examination of the impact of determinants (sex, childhood adversity, and wealth index). Development in both executive and social cognitive abilities continued into adulthood. Maturation and stabilization occurred in increasing order of complexity, from working memory to inhibitory control to cognitive flexibility. Age related change was more pronounced for low quantiles in response inhibition (β∼4 versus </=2 for higher quantiles), but for higher quantiles in set-shifting (β > -1 versus -0.25 for lower quantiles). Wealth index had the largest influence on developmental change across cognitive abilities. Sex differences were prominent in response inhibition, set-shifting and emotion recognition. Childhood adversity had a negative influence on cognitive development. These findings add to the limited literature on patterns and determinants of cognitive development. They have implications for understanding developmental vulnerabilities in young persons, and the need for providing conducive socio-economic environments.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 18 January 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 20 January 2023
Published date: 1 February 2023
Additional Information: Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Cognitive development, Emotion recognition, Executive functions, Growth trajectory, Quantile regression, Social cognition

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 477273
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/477273
ISSN: 1876-2018
PURE UUID: 478d162c-22dd-4d2b-be89-b30da84ff818

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Date deposited: 01 Jun 2023 17:07
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 00:58

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Contributors

Author: Eesha Sharma
Author: G S Ravi
Author: Keshav Kumar
Author: Kandavel Thennarasu
Author: Jon Heron
Author: Matthew Hickman
Author: Nilakshi Vaidya
Author: Bharath Holla
Author: Madhavi Rangaswamy
Author: Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta
Author: Murali Krishna
Author: Amit Chakrabarti
Author: Debashish Basu
Author: Subodh Bhagyalakshmi Nanjayya
Author: Rajkumar Lenin Singh
Author: Roshan Lourembam
Author: Rebecca Kuriyan
Author: Sunita Simon Kurpad
Author: Kamakshi Kartik
Author: Kartik Kalyanram
Author: Sylvane Desrivieres
Author: Gareth Barker
Author: Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos
Author: Mireille Toledano
Author: Meera Purushottam
Author: Rose Dawn Bharath
Author: Pratima Murthy
Author: Sanjeev Jain
Author: Gunter Schumann
Author: Vivek Benegal
Corporate Author: cVEDA Consortium

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