Premonitory urge and tic severity, comorbidities, and quality of life in chronic tic disorders
Premonitory urge and tic severity, comorbidities, and quality of life in chronic tic disorders
Background: tics are intimately associated with premonitory urges (PU) but knowledge about urges is still limited, with small sample sizes often limiting the generalizability of findings.
Objectives: this study addressed the following open questions: (1) is tic severity associated with urge severity, (2) how common is relief, (3) which comorbidities are associated with urges, (4) are urges, tics, and comorbidities associated with lower quality of life, and (5) can complex and simple, motor and vocal tics be differentiated based on PU?
Methods: N = 291 patients who reported a confirmed diagnosis of chronic primary tic disorder (age = 18–65, 24% female) filled out an online survey assessing demographic data, comorbid conditions, location, quality and intensity of PU, as well as quality of life. Every tic was recorded, and whether the patient experienced a PU, the frequency, intensity, and quality of that urge.
Results: PU and tic severity were significantly associated, and 85% of urge-related tics were followed by relief. A diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression, female gender, and older age increased the likelihood of experiencing PU, while more obsessive compulsive (OCD) symptoms and younger age were associated with higher urge intensities. PU, complex vocal tics, ADHD, OCD, anxiety, and depression were related to lower quality of life. Motor and vocal, complex and simple tics did not differ regarding PU intensity, frequency, and quality, or relief.
Conclusions: the results shed light on the relationship between PU, tics, comorbidities, age, gender, and quality of life in tic disorders.
Tourette syndrome, chronic tic disorder, comorbidity, premonitory urge (PU), quality of life
922-932
Brandt, Valerie
e41f5832-70e4-407d-8a15-85b861761656
Essing, Jana
0b282213-c599-44eb-8024-84f5d1d03908
Jakubovski, Ewgeni
d837949e-49b5-4cd6-b5df-c4d93f1248c7
Müller-Vahl, Kirsten
4bb072c3-847f-4875-a3bb-609948e63f07
June 2023
Brandt, Valerie
e41f5832-70e4-407d-8a15-85b861761656
Essing, Jana
0b282213-c599-44eb-8024-84f5d1d03908
Jakubovski, Ewgeni
d837949e-49b5-4cd6-b5df-c4d93f1248c7
Müller-Vahl, Kirsten
4bb072c3-847f-4875-a3bb-609948e63f07
Brandt, Valerie, Essing, Jana, Jakubovski, Ewgeni and Müller-Vahl, Kirsten
(2023)
Premonitory urge and tic severity, comorbidities, and quality of life in chronic tic disorders.
Movement Disorders Clinical Practice, 10 (6), .
(doi:10.1002/mdc3.13742).
Abstract
Background: tics are intimately associated with premonitory urges (PU) but knowledge about urges is still limited, with small sample sizes often limiting the generalizability of findings.
Objectives: this study addressed the following open questions: (1) is tic severity associated with urge severity, (2) how common is relief, (3) which comorbidities are associated with urges, (4) are urges, tics, and comorbidities associated with lower quality of life, and (5) can complex and simple, motor and vocal tics be differentiated based on PU?
Methods: N = 291 patients who reported a confirmed diagnosis of chronic primary tic disorder (age = 18–65, 24% female) filled out an online survey assessing demographic data, comorbid conditions, location, quality and intensity of PU, as well as quality of life. Every tic was recorded, and whether the patient experienced a PU, the frequency, intensity, and quality of that urge.
Results: PU and tic severity were significantly associated, and 85% of urge-related tics were followed by relief. A diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression, female gender, and older age increased the likelihood of experiencing PU, while more obsessive compulsive (OCD) symptoms and younger age were associated with higher urge intensities. PU, complex vocal tics, ADHD, OCD, anxiety, and depression were related to lower quality of life. Motor and vocal, complex and simple tics did not differ regarding PU intensity, frequency, and quality, or relief.
Conclusions: the results shed light on the relationship between PU, tics, comorbidities, age, gender, and quality of life in tic disorders.
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TicsUrgesComorbiditiesAndQoL_300323
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Accepted/In Press date: 29 March 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 4 April 2023
Published date: June 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Valerie Brandt received funding from the Academy of Medical Sciences. She has received royalties from Kohlhammer. Kirsten Müller‐Vahl has received financial or material research support from EU (FP7‐HEALTH‐2011 No. 278367, FP7‐PEOPLE‐2012‐ITN No. 316978), DFG: GZ MU 1527/3–1 and GZ MU 1527/3–2, BMBF: 01KG1421, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Tourette Gesellschaft Deutschland e.V., Else‐Kröner‐Fresenius‐Stiftung, GW pharmaceuticals, Almirall Hermal GmbH, Abide Therapeutics, and Therapix Biosiences. She has received consultant's and other honoraria from Abide Therapeutics, adjupharm, Alexion, AMP Alternative Medical Products GmbH, Ingelheim International GmbH, Bionorica Ethics GmbH, CannaMedical Pharma GmbH, Canopy Grouth, Columbia Care, CTC Communications Corp., Demecan, Enua pharma, Ethypharm GmbH, Eurox Group, Global Praxis Group Limited, Lundbeck, MCI Germany, Neuraxpharm, Sanity Group, Stadapharm GmbH, Synendos Therapeutics AG, Syqe, Tilray, and Zambon. She is an advisory/scientific board member for Alexion, Branchenverband Cannabiswirtschaft e.V. (BvCW), CannaMedical Pharma GmbH, Bionorica Ethics GmbH, CannaXan GmbH, Canopy Growth, Columbia Care, Ethypharm GmbH, IMC Germany, Leafly Deutschland GmbH, Neuraxpharm, Sanity Group, Stadapharm GmbH, Synendos Therapeutics AG, Syqe Medical Ltd., Therapix Biosciences Ltd., Tilray, von Mende Marketing GmbH, Wayland Group, and Zambon. She has received speaker's fees from Aphria Deutschland GmbH, Almirall, Bedrocan, Camurus, CEREBRO SPAIN BIDCO S.L, Cogitando GmbH, Emalex, Eurox Deutschland GmbH, Ever pharma GmbH, GROW, Hessische Landesstelle für Suchtfragen e.V. (HLS), LIO Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Medizinischer Dienst Westfalen Lippe, Meinhardt Congress GmbH, PR Berater, Spectrum Therapeutics GmbH, Takeda GmbH, Tilray, and Wayland Group. She has received royalties from Deutsches Ärzteblatt, Der Neurologie und Psychiater, Elsevier, Medizinisch Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Berlin, and Kohlhammer. She served as a guest editor for Frontiers in Neurology on the research topic “The neurobiology and genetics of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: new avenues through large‐scale collaborative projects”, is an associate editor for “Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research” and an Editorial Board Member of “Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids” und “MDPI‐Reports” and a Scientific board member for “Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin”. Financial Disclosures for Previous 12 Months:
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders Clinical Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Keywords:
Tourette syndrome, chronic tic disorder, comorbidity, premonitory urge (PU), quality of life
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 477305
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/477305
ISSN: 2330-1619
PURE UUID: 17e1c78c-031a-49ce-8877-a2fd127dc3e5
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Date deposited: 02 Jun 2023 16:44
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 01:34
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Author:
Jana Essing
Author:
Ewgeni Jakubovski
Author:
Kirsten Müller-Vahl
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