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Binocular contrast vision at and above threshold

Binocular contrast vision at and above threshold
Binocular contrast vision at and above threshold
A fundamental problem for any visual system with binocular overlap is the combination of information from the two eyes. Electrophysiology shows that binocular integration of luminance contrast occurs early in visual cortex, but a specific systems architecture has not been established for human vision. Here, we address this by performing binocular summation and monocular, binocular, and dichoptic masking experiments for horizontal 1 cycle per degree test and masking gratings. These data reject three previously published proposals, each of which predict too little binocular summation and insufficient dichoptic facilitation. However, a simple development of one of the rejected models (the twin summation model) and a completely new model (the two-stage model) provide very good fits to the data. Two features common to both models are gently accelerating (almost linear) contrast transduction prior to binocular summation and suppressive ocular interactions that contribute to contrast gain control. With all model parameters fixed, both models correctly predict (1) systematic variation in psychometric slopes, (2) dichoptic contrast matching, and (3) high levels of binocular summation for various levels of binocular pedestal contrast. A review of evidence from elsewhere leads us to favor the two-stage model.
model, human vision, psychophysics, binocular interactions, suppression, summation, gain control, masking
1534-7362
1224-1243
Meese, Tim S.
0c8c57a5-1341-42d6-be91-cac46c6d6f34
Georgeson, Mark A.
305edb81-6f1b-4239-bda1-ee57d11d4402
Baker, Daniel H.
92545fbf-bb42-4155-a530-91b917648047
Meese, Tim S.
0c8c57a5-1341-42d6-be91-cac46c6d6f34
Georgeson, Mark A.
305edb81-6f1b-4239-bda1-ee57d11d4402
Baker, Daniel H.
92545fbf-bb42-4155-a530-91b917648047

Meese, Tim S., Georgeson, Mark A. and Baker, Daniel H. (2006) Binocular contrast vision at and above threshold. Journal of Vision, 6 (11), 1224-1243. (doi:10.1167/6.11.7).

Record type: Article

Abstract

A fundamental problem for any visual system with binocular overlap is the combination of information from the two eyes. Electrophysiology shows that binocular integration of luminance contrast occurs early in visual cortex, but a specific systems architecture has not been established for human vision. Here, we address this by performing binocular summation and monocular, binocular, and dichoptic masking experiments for horizontal 1 cycle per degree test and masking gratings. These data reject three previously published proposals, each of which predict too little binocular summation and insufficient dichoptic facilitation. However, a simple development of one of the rejected models (the twin summation model) and a completely new model (the two-stage model) provide very good fits to the data. Two features common to both models are gently accelerating (almost linear) contrast transduction prior to binocular summation and suppressive ocular interactions that contribute to contrast gain control. With all model parameters fixed, both models correctly predict (1) systematic variation in psychometric slopes, (2) dichoptic contrast matching, and (3) high levels of binocular summation for various levels of binocular pedestal contrast. A review of evidence from elsewhere leads us to favor the two-stage model.

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Meese-2006-jov-6-11-7.pdf - Accepted Manuscript
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More information

Published date: 23 October 2006
Keywords: model, human vision, psychophysics, binocular interactions, suppression, summation, gain control, masking

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 47918
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/47918
ISSN: 1534-7362
PURE UUID: cb9383a9-d899-4230-989f-3188e6d93e2d

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Date deposited: 09 Aug 2007
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 09:40

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Contributors

Author: Tim S. Meese
Author: Mark A. Georgeson
Author: Daniel H. Baker

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