The Solent strait: water quality trends within a heavily trafficked marine environment, 2000 to 2020
The Solent strait: water quality trends within a heavily trafficked marine environment, 2000 to 2020
This study presents an important long-term historical analysis of water quality in an internationally crucial waterway (the Solent, Hampshire, UK), in the context of increasing adoption of open-loop Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems by shipping. The pollutants studied were acidification (pH), zinc, and benzo [a] pyrene, alongside temperature. We compared baseline sites to locations likely to be impacted by pollution. The Solent's average water temperature is slightly increasing, with temperatures at wastewater sites significantly higher. Acidification suggests a complex story, with a highly significant small overall increase in pH during the study period but significantly different values at wastewater and port sites. Zn concentrations have significantly reduced but
increased in enclosed waters such as marinas. BaP showed no long-term trend with values at marinas significantly and consistently higher. The findings provide valuable long-term background data and insights that can feed into the upcoming review of the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive and ongoing discussions about the regulation of, and future monitoring and management strategies for coastal/marine waterways.
pollution, exhaust gas cleaning, marine water quality, scrubber, shipping, Marine water quality, Scrubber, Pollution, Exhaust gas cleaning system, Shipping
May, Connor
fa69229d-1863-4195-85ab-fb16c1dbdc41
Williams, Ian
c9d674ac-ee69-4937-ab43-17e716266e22
Hudson, Malcolm
1ae18506-6f2a-48af-8c72-83ab28679f55
Osborne, Patrick E.
c4d4261d-557c-4179-a24e-cdd7a98fb2b8
Zapata Restrepo, Lina
2276abeb-952d-4475-9620-bd0885291f64
August 2023
May, Connor
fa69229d-1863-4195-85ab-fb16c1dbdc41
Williams, Ian
c9d674ac-ee69-4937-ab43-17e716266e22
Hudson, Malcolm
1ae18506-6f2a-48af-8c72-83ab28679f55
Osborne, Patrick E.
c4d4261d-557c-4179-a24e-cdd7a98fb2b8
Zapata Restrepo, Lina
2276abeb-952d-4475-9620-bd0885291f64
May, Connor, Williams, Ian, Hudson, Malcolm, Osborne, Patrick E. and Zapata Restrepo, Lina
(2023)
The Solent strait: water quality trends within a heavily trafficked marine environment, 2000 to 2020.
Marine Pollution Bulletin, 193, [115251].
(doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115251).
Abstract
This study presents an important long-term historical analysis of water quality in an internationally crucial waterway (the Solent, Hampshire, UK), in the context of increasing adoption of open-loop Exhaust Gas Cleaning Systems by shipping. The pollutants studied were acidification (pH), zinc, and benzo [a] pyrene, alongside temperature. We compared baseline sites to locations likely to be impacted by pollution. The Solent's average water temperature is slightly increasing, with temperatures at wastewater sites significantly higher. Acidification suggests a complex story, with a highly significant small overall increase in pH during the study period but significantly different values at wastewater and port sites. Zn concentrations have significantly reduced but
increased in enclosed waters such as marinas. BaP showed no long-term trend with values at marinas significantly and consistently higher. The findings provide valuable long-term background data and insights that can feed into the upcoming review of the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive and ongoing discussions about the regulation of, and future monitoring and management strategies for coastal/marine waterways.
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Accepted/In Press date: 1 July 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 6 July 2023
Published date: August 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
In this context, this long-term study provides important historical background for England's Solent region as part of the EMERGE project. The EMERGE project ( https://emerge-h2020.eu/ ) is an innovative 4-year project funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 programme. The project aims to quantify and evaluate the effects of potential emission reduction solutions for shipping in Europe and develop effective strategies and measures to reduce the environmental impacts of shipping.
Funding Information:
This paper has been produced as part of the European Union project “EMERGE: Evaluation, control and Mitigation of the EnviRonmental impacts of shippinG Emissions” (referred to as “EMERGE”). The EMERGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme Research and Innovation action under grant agreement No 874990 . We are grateful to colleagues from the United Kingdom Environment Agency's Water Quality Information Monitoring System for provision of data.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)
Keywords:
pollution, exhaust gas cleaning, marine water quality, scrubber, shipping, Marine water quality, Scrubber, Pollution, Exhaust gas cleaning system, Shipping
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 479828
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/479828
ISSN: 0025-326X
PURE UUID: f4714498-e5e5-4044-8df2-a600a8a80eb7
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Date deposited: 27 Jul 2023 13:50
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:00
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Author:
Connor May
Author:
Lina Zapata Restrepo
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