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Influence of evening light exposure on polysomnographically assessed night-time sleep: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Influence of evening light exposure on polysomnographically assessed night-time sleep: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Influence of evening light exposure on polysomnographically assessed night-time sleep: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Evening exposure to electric light can acutely suppress melatonin levels and adversely affect subsequent sleep. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the influence of evening illuminance levels on polysomnographically (PSG)-assessed sleep. We also explored how melanopsin (expressed in melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) affects human sleep features. We included polysomnographic laboratory sleep studies with healthy humans for effects of illuminance and exposure duration, for pre-sleep exposures between 6:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. From 440 identified articles, 114 met eligibility criteria for screening, and 21 also reported type of light source/spectral characteristics, with 12 identified as eligible for review. Meta-analysis showed evening light affects sleep latency, sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep, with overall effect sizes (95% confidence interval) of 0.69 (−0.50; 1.88), 0.34 (−0.13; 0.82) and −0.61 (−1.85; 0.62), respectively. Estimated melanopic EDI in the range of 100–1000 lx yielded clear dose–response relationships for sleep latency and sleep efficiency, but not for slow wave sleep. Whilst illuminance and duration indicated no apparent effects for a single evening light exposure on PSG-assessed sleep latency, sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep, we observed evidence for a relationship between light exposure and sleep effects based on melanopic EDI. Hence, melanopic EDI may provide a robust predictor of non-visual responses on human sleep.
1477-1535
513-624
Cajochen, Christian
f605e720-e417-45dc-9b5c-244b1a1d6265
Stephani, O.
6f271215-f155-45e3-8880-0722cfc913bf
Schollhorn, I.
6694a1d8-8b2d-4152-a0c8-041b283aad29
Lang, D.
2366ceee-650c-402f-9a42-afe1adb6b23c
Chellappa, Sarah L.
516582b5-3cba-4644-86c9-14c91a4510f2
Cajochen, Christian
f605e720-e417-45dc-9b5c-244b1a1d6265
Stephani, O.
6f271215-f155-45e3-8880-0722cfc913bf
Schollhorn, I.
6694a1d8-8b2d-4152-a0c8-041b283aad29
Lang, D.
2366ceee-650c-402f-9a42-afe1adb6b23c
Chellappa, Sarah L.
516582b5-3cba-4644-86c9-14c91a4510f2

Cajochen, Christian, Stephani, O., Schollhorn, I., Lang, D. and Chellappa, Sarah L. (2022) Influence of evening light exposure on polysomnographically assessed night-time sleep: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Lighting Research and Technology, 54 (6), 513-624. (doi:10.1177/14771535221078765).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Evening exposure to electric light can acutely suppress melatonin levels and adversely affect subsequent sleep. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the influence of evening illuminance levels on polysomnographically (PSG)-assessed sleep. We also explored how melanopsin (expressed in melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (EDI) affects human sleep features. We included polysomnographic laboratory sleep studies with healthy humans for effects of illuminance and exposure duration, for pre-sleep exposures between 6:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. From 440 identified articles, 114 met eligibility criteria for screening, and 21 also reported type of light source/spectral characteristics, with 12 identified as eligible for review. Meta-analysis showed evening light affects sleep latency, sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep, with overall effect sizes (95% confidence interval) of 0.69 (−0.50; 1.88), 0.34 (−0.13; 0.82) and −0.61 (−1.85; 0.62), respectively. Estimated melanopic EDI in the range of 100–1000 lx yielded clear dose–response relationships for sleep latency and sleep efficiency, but not for slow wave sleep. Whilst illuminance and duration indicated no apparent effects for a single evening light exposure on PSG-assessed sleep latency, sleep efficiency and slow wave sleep, we observed evidence for a relationship between light exposure and sleep effects based on melanopic EDI. Hence, melanopic EDI may provide a robust predictor of non-visual responses on human sleep.

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Accepted/In Press date: 10 January 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 5 August 2022

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 479830
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/479830
ISSN: 1477-1535
PURE UUID: 90d89988-fba8-4179-8a60-27eff41ef53d
ORCID for Sarah L. Chellappa: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6190-464X

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Date deposited: 27 Jul 2023 13:54
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 04:20

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Contributors

Author: Christian Cajochen
Author: O. Stephani
Author: I. Schollhorn
Author: D. Lang
Author: Sarah L. Chellappa ORCID iD

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