Cooperation between drivers and automation: Implications for safety
Cooperation between drivers and automation: Implications for safety
The purpose of this paper is to develop a recently proposed framework of human–machine cooperation (Hoc, J.M., 2001. Towards a cognitive approach to human–machine cooperation in dynamic situations. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 54, 509–540) and apply it to the domain of in-car automation. Previous models of automation (e.g. Sheridan, T.B. and Verplanck, W.L., 1978. Human and computer control of undersea teleoperators. Cambridge, MA: MIT Man–Machine Systems Laboratory) delineate the roles of human and machine in a task-based manner and primarily from the viewpoint of machine requirements. However, with increasing arguments that automation should support the human operator rather than replace them (e.g. Young, M.S., Stanton, N.A., and Harris, D., 2007. Driving automation: learning from aviation about design philosophies. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 45(3), 323–338), Hoc’s (2001) framework offers a means of modelling the interaction from the perspective of teamwork – that is, from the viewpoint of human requirements. In the present context, the framework describes how both the driver and the automation can be considered as separate agents pursuing their own goals while trying to facilitate a common task, but who may interfere with each other positively (e.g. mutual control) or negatively (mutual conflict). Vehicle automation, as an area of fervent research in ergonomics at present, provides the opportunity to explore the framework and use it to interpret current and emerging research findings. It is suggested here that many of the psychological problems underlying the introduction of in-car automation are a result of suboptimal communications between human and machine, and the framework is used to propose directions for future research in this area.
Automation, Car driving, Human–machine cooperation, Safety
135-160
Hoc, Jean Michel
e53719da-5b66-4d5f-87dc-f37ec0bb0608
Young, Mark S.
3f79589e-2000-4cb0-832a-6eba54f50130
Blosseville, Jean Marc
052646a2-0906-4aa6-a1c1-de91ff7d40ab
13 February 2009
Hoc, Jean Michel
e53719da-5b66-4d5f-87dc-f37ec0bb0608
Young, Mark S.
3f79589e-2000-4cb0-832a-6eba54f50130
Blosseville, Jean Marc
052646a2-0906-4aa6-a1c1-de91ff7d40ab
Hoc, Jean Michel, Young, Mark S. and Blosseville, Jean Marc
(2009)
Cooperation between drivers and automation: Implications for safety.
Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 10 (2), .
(doi:10.1080/14639220802368856).
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to develop a recently proposed framework of human–machine cooperation (Hoc, J.M., 2001. Towards a cognitive approach to human–machine cooperation in dynamic situations. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 54, 509–540) and apply it to the domain of in-car automation. Previous models of automation (e.g. Sheridan, T.B. and Verplanck, W.L., 1978. Human and computer control of undersea teleoperators. Cambridge, MA: MIT Man–Machine Systems Laboratory) delineate the roles of human and machine in a task-based manner and primarily from the viewpoint of machine requirements. However, with increasing arguments that automation should support the human operator rather than replace them (e.g. Young, M.S., Stanton, N.A., and Harris, D., 2007. Driving automation: learning from aviation about design philosophies. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 45(3), 323–338), Hoc’s (2001) framework offers a means of modelling the interaction from the perspective of teamwork – that is, from the viewpoint of human requirements. In the present context, the framework describes how both the driver and the automation can be considered as separate agents pursuing their own goals while trying to facilitate a common task, but who may interfere with each other positively (e.g. mutual control) or negatively (mutual conflict). Vehicle automation, as an area of fervent research in ergonomics at present, provides the opportunity to explore the framework and use it to interpret current and emerging research findings. It is suggested here that many of the psychological problems underlying the introduction of in-car automation are a result of suboptimal communications between human and machine, and the framework is used to propose directions for future research in this area.
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Published date: 13 February 2009
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This work has been carried out within the joint framework of the French programmes ARCOS and PREVENSOR (ANR, PREDIT and Ministry of Research) and of the European programme SafeLane (PREVENT). We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript.
Keywords:
Automation, Car driving, Human–machine cooperation, Safety
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 480048
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/480048
ISSN: 1463-922X
PURE UUID: eedde971-cf77-4a13-b008-02f78417f69e
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Date deposited: 01 Aug 2023 16:40
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 04:12
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Author:
Jean Michel Hoc
Author:
Mark S. Young
Author:
Jean Marc Blosseville
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