Fetal growth and the physiological control of glucose tolerance in adults: a minimal model analysis
Fetal growth and the physiological control of glucose tolerance in adults: a minimal model analysis
Although there is now substantial evidence linking low birthweight with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in adult life, the extent to which reduced fetal growth is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity, defective insulin secretion, or a combination of both factors is not clear. We have therefore examined the relationships between birth size and both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion as assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis in 163 men and women, aged 20 yr, born at term in Adelaide, South Australia. Birth size did not correlate with body mass index or fat distribution in men or women. Men who were lighter or shorter as babies were less insulin sensitive (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively), independently of their body mass index or body fat distribution. They also had higher insulin secretion (P = 0.007 and P = 0.006) and increased glucose effectiveness (P = 0.003 and P = 0.003). Overall glucose tolerance, however, did not correlate with birth size, suggesting that the reduced insulin sensitivity was being compensated for by an increase in insulin secretion and insulin-independent glucose disposal. There were no relationships between birth size and insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion in women. These results show that small size at birth is associated with increased insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in young adult life but that these relationships are restricted to the male gender in this age group.
Adult, Birth Weight/physiology, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Body Mass Index, Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology, Female, Glucose/metabolism, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Insulin/blood, Insulin Resistance/physiology, Male, Models, Biological, Pregnancy, Regression Analysis
E700-E706
Flanagan, Daniel E
954e7026-776b-4764-b6bb-3c98418c4a7c
Moore, Michael V.
ef6625a2-ca86-48f4-9c55-2a2a96e1bcc5
Godsland, Ian F
14b7bc11-1919-40ce-a169-1f07b7b19b4e
Cockington, Richard A.
76907b95-2fe5-4526-a1db-35a2bf251392
Robinson, Jeffrey S.
24f898d0-2706-4a87-b61f-9acab77fdd7a
Phillips, David I. W.
3b4347af-0eae-44a6-b7de-c464b41192ad
15 April 2000
Flanagan, Daniel E
954e7026-776b-4764-b6bb-3c98418c4a7c
Moore, Michael V.
ef6625a2-ca86-48f4-9c55-2a2a96e1bcc5
Godsland, Ian F
14b7bc11-1919-40ce-a169-1f07b7b19b4e
Cockington, Richard A.
76907b95-2fe5-4526-a1db-35a2bf251392
Robinson, Jeffrey S.
24f898d0-2706-4a87-b61f-9acab77fdd7a
Phillips, David I. W.
3b4347af-0eae-44a6-b7de-c464b41192ad
Flanagan, Daniel E, Moore, Michael V., Godsland, Ian F, Cockington, Richard A., Robinson, Jeffrey S. and Phillips, David I. W.
(2000)
Fetal growth and the physiological control of glucose tolerance in adults: a minimal model analysis.
American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism, 278 (4), .
(doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.278.4.E700).
Abstract
Although there is now substantial evidence linking low birthweight with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes in adult life, the extent to which reduced fetal growth is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity, defective insulin secretion, or a combination of both factors is not clear. We have therefore examined the relationships between birth size and both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion as assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis in 163 men and women, aged 20 yr, born at term in Adelaide, South Australia. Birth size did not correlate with body mass index or fat distribution in men or women. Men who were lighter or shorter as babies were less insulin sensitive (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively), independently of their body mass index or body fat distribution. They also had higher insulin secretion (P = 0.007 and P = 0.006) and increased glucose effectiveness (P = 0.003 and P = 0.003). Overall glucose tolerance, however, did not correlate with birth size, suggesting that the reduced insulin sensitivity was being compensated for by an increase in insulin secretion and insulin-independent glucose disposal. There were no relationships between birth size and insulin sensitivity or insulin secretion in women. These results show that small size at birth is associated with increased insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in young adult life but that these relationships are restricted to the male gender in this age group.
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Published date: 15 April 2000
Keywords:
Adult, Birth Weight/physiology, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Body Mass Index, Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology, Female, Glucose/metabolism, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Insulin/blood, Insulin Resistance/physiology, Male, Models, Biological, Pregnancy, Regression Analysis
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 480407
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/480407
ISSN: 0193-1849
PURE UUID: 28d53daa-8983-4eda-92fc-75103c2d5204
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Date deposited: 01 Aug 2023 21:43
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 00:46
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Contributors
Author:
Daniel E Flanagan
Author:
Michael V. Moore
Author:
Ian F Godsland
Author:
Richard A. Cockington
Author:
Jeffrey S. Robinson
Author:
David I. W. Phillips
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