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Mutations in the PP2A regulatory subunit B family genes PPP2R5B, PPP2R5C and PPP2R5D cause human overgrowth

Mutations in the PP2A regulatory subunit B family genes PPP2R5B, PPP2R5C and PPP2R5D cause human overgrowth
Mutations in the PP2A regulatory subunit B family genes PPP2R5B, PPP2R5C and PPP2R5D cause human overgrowth
Overgrowth syndromes comprise a group of heterogeneous disorders characterised by excessive growth parameters, often in association with intellectual disability. To identify new causes of human overgrowth, we have been undertaking trio-based exome sequencing studies in overgrowth patients and their unaffected parents. Prioritisation of functionally relevant genes with multiple unique de novo mutations revealed four mutations in protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit B family genes protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, beta (PPP2R5B); protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, gamma (PPP2R5C); and protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, delta (PPP2R5D). This observation in 3 related genes in 111 individuals with a similar phenotype is greatly in excess of the expected number, as determined from gene-specific de novo mutation rates (P = 1.43 × 10−10). Analysis of exome-sequencing data from a follow-up series of overgrowth probands identified a further pathogenic mutation, bringing the total number of affected individuals to 5. Heterozygotes shared similar phenotypic features including increased height, increased head circumference and intellectual disability. The mutations clustered within a region of nine amino acid residues in the aligned protein sequences (P = 1.6 × 10−5). We mapped the mutations onto the crystal structure of the PP2A holoenzyme complex to predict their molecular and functional consequences. These studies suggest that the mutations may affect substrate binding, thus perturbing the ability of PP2A to dephosphorylate particular protein substrates. PP2A is a major negative regulator of v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT). Thus, our data further expand the list of genes encoding components of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signalling cascade that are disrupted in human overgrowth conditions.
0964-6906
4775 - 4779
Loveday, C
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Tatton-Brown, Katrina
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Clarke, M
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Westwood, Isaac
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Renwick, Anthony
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Ramsay, Emma
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Nemeth, Andrea
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Campbell, Jennifer
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Joss, Shelagh
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Gardner, McKinlay
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Zachariou, Anna
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Elliott, Anna
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Ruark, Elise
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van Montfort, Robert
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Rahman, Nazneen
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Lucassen, Anneke
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The Childhood Overgrowth Collaboration
Loveday, C
bed064d6-13e9-4429-b847-5ecaaf3f5e19
Tatton-Brown, Katrina
dbad5eb1-70eb-4fde-8f67-a37ff32ef9c6
Clarke, M
687cf229-404c-4799-9bbc-1c3e31d718f3
Westwood, Isaac
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Renwick, Anthony
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Ramsay, Emma
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Nemeth, Andrea
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Campbell, Jennifer
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Joss, Shelagh
e3086055-f384-486b-babd-4ae0e75dfae6
Gardner, McKinlay
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Zachariou, Anna
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Elliott, Anna
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Ruark, Elise
c5c08cd3-5579-4525-85b4-a6f2cd5e9a86
van Montfort, Robert
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Rahman, Nazneen
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Lucassen, Anneke
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Loveday, C, Tatton-Brown, Katrina, Clarke, M, Westwood, Isaac, Renwick, Anthony, Ramsay, Emma, Nemeth, Andrea, Campbell, Jennifer, Joss, Shelagh, Gardner, McKinlay, Zachariou, Anna, Elliott, Anna, Ruark, Elise, van Montfort, Robert and Rahman, Nazneen , The Childhood Overgrowth Collaboration (2015) Mutations in the PP2A regulatory subunit B family genes PPP2R5B, PPP2R5C and PPP2R5D cause human overgrowth. Human Molecular Genetics, 24 (17), 4775 - 4779. (doi:10.1093/hmg/ddv182).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Overgrowth syndromes comprise a group of heterogeneous disorders characterised by excessive growth parameters, often in association with intellectual disability. To identify new causes of human overgrowth, we have been undertaking trio-based exome sequencing studies in overgrowth patients and their unaffected parents. Prioritisation of functionally relevant genes with multiple unique de novo mutations revealed four mutations in protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit B family genes protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, beta (PPP2R5B); protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, gamma (PPP2R5C); and protein phosphatase 2, regulatory Subunit B’, delta (PPP2R5D). This observation in 3 related genes in 111 individuals with a similar phenotype is greatly in excess of the expected number, as determined from gene-specific de novo mutation rates (P = 1.43 × 10−10). Analysis of exome-sequencing data from a follow-up series of overgrowth probands identified a further pathogenic mutation, bringing the total number of affected individuals to 5. Heterozygotes shared similar phenotypic features including increased height, increased head circumference and intellectual disability. The mutations clustered within a region of nine amino acid residues in the aligned protein sequences (P = 1.6 × 10−5). We mapped the mutations onto the crystal structure of the PP2A holoenzyme complex to predict their molecular and functional consequences. These studies suggest that the mutations may affect substrate binding, thus perturbing the ability of PP2A to dephosphorylate particular protein substrates. PP2A is a major negative regulator of v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT). Thus, our data further expand the list of genes encoding components of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signalling cascade that are disrupted in human overgrowth conditions.

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Accepted/In Press date: 11 May 2015
e-pub ahead of print date: 13 May 2015
Published date: 1 September 2015

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 480746
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/480746
ISSN: 0964-6906
PURE UUID: b705b747-b1f8-4f10-89cf-a500cd8df554
ORCID for Anneke Lucassen: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3324-4338

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Date deposited: 09 Aug 2023 17:02
Last modified: 11 May 2024 01:38

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Contributors

Author: C Loveday
Author: Katrina Tatton-Brown
Author: M Clarke
Author: Isaac Westwood
Author: Anthony Renwick
Author: Emma Ramsay
Author: Andrea Nemeth
Author: Jennifer Campbell
Author: Shelagh Joss
Author: McKinlay Gardner
Author: Anna Zachariou
Author: Anna Elliott
Author: Elise Ruark
Author: Robert van Montfort
Author: Nazneen Rahman
Author: Anneke Lucassen ORCID iD
Corporate Author: The Childhood Overgrowth Collaboration

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