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Direct VCSEL interconnection with a hollow core fiber

Direct VCSEL interconnection with a hollow core fiber
Direct VCSEL interconnection with a hollow core fiber
The direct interconnection of a hollow-core fiber (HCF) to a laser diode or photodiode is essential to full exploitation of the unique characteristics of HCFs. In this paper, we investigate two specific methods for HCF interconnection (i.e., butt coupling and simple two-lens imaging) for coupling light from a single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operating at 850 nm. Our research findings indicate that direct (lensless) butt coupling leads to poor coupling efficiency (~10%) due to the significant mode field diameter (MFD) mismatch between the waveguide and the HCF. However, the efficiency can be significantly improved (up to approximately 69%) by using a graded-index fiber based all-fiber MFD converter. On the other hand, a two-lens system enables an extremely high coupling efficiency of ~96%.
all-fiber MFD converter, Butt coupling, Coupling efficiency, Hollow core fiber, Interconnection, vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
1068-5200
Jung, Yongmin
6685e51e-be47-4c96-8c4b-65aee3b5126d
Meng, Jing
9daa2555-30ad-43ed-9993-16412c7f3730
Harrington, Kerrianne
e41e6fd6-89da-4203-ae66-c1a99fe921bf
Sakr, Hesham
438b3abc-ac88-41a9-b171-8316bc227c73
Davidson, Ian A.
b685f949-e9e4-4e6b-9a59-36739de06a61
Liang, Sijing
2fe0bfcc-99f0-46ee-8a2e-2a7857fbfb74
Jasion, Gregory
16cfff1d-d178-41d1-a092-56e6239726b8
Poletti, Francesco
9adcef99-5558-4644-96d7-ce24b5897491
Richardson, David J.
904ba5c4-4867-4aa2-be3c-78b1cd428ef6
Jung, Yongmin
6685e51e-be47-4c96-8c4b-65aee3b5126d
Meng, Jing
9daa2555-30ad-43ed-9993-16412c7f3730
Harrington, Kerrianne
e41e6fd6-89da-4203-ae66-c1a99fe921bf
Sakr, Hesham
438b3abc-ac88-41a9-b171-8316bc227c73
Davidson, Ian A.
b685f949-e9e4-4e6b-9a59-36739de06a61
Liang, Sijing
2fe0bfcc-99f0-46ee-8a2e-2a7857fbfb74
Jasion, Gregory
16cfff1d-d178-41d1-a092-56e6239726b8
Poletti, Francesco
9adcef99-5558-4644-96d7-ce24b5897491
Richardson, David J.
904ba5c4-4867-4aa2-be3c-78b1cd428ef6

Jung, Yongmin, Meng, Jing, Harrington, Kerrianne, Sakr, Hesham, Davidson, Ian A., Liang, Sijing, Jasion, Gregory, Poletti, Francesco and Richardson, David J. (2023) Direct VCSEL interconnection with a hollow core fiber. Optical Fiber Technology, 81, [103555]. (doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2023.103555).

Record type: Article

Abstract

The direct interconnection of a hollow-core fiber (HCF) to a laser diode or photodiode is essential to full exploitation of the unique characteristics of HCFs. In this paper, we investigate two specific methods for HCF interconnection (i.e., butt coupling and simple two-lens imaging) for coupling light from a single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operating at 850 nm. Our research findings indicate that direct (lensless) butt coupling leads to poor coupling efficiency (~10%) due to the significant mode field diameter (MFD) mismatch between the waveguide and the HCF. However, the efficiency can be significantly improved (up to approximately 69%) by using a graded-index fiber based all-fiber MFD converter. On the other hand, a two-lens system enables an extremely high coupling efficiency of ~96%.

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OFT-HCF components - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 25 September 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 22 October 2023
Published date: December 2023
Additional Information: Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the EPSRC funded “Airguide Photonics” Programme Grant (EP/P030181/1) and “National Hub in High Value Photonics Manufacturing” (EP/N00762X/1). For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to any Accepted manuscript version arising from this submission and all data supporting this study are openly available from the University of Southampton repository at http://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/D2755. Publisher Copyright: © 2023
Keywords: all-fiber MFD converter, Butt coupling, Coupling efficiency, Hollow core fiber, Interconnection, vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)
Learn more about Zepler Institute for Photonics and Nanoelectronics research

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 481339
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/481339
DOI: doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2023.103555
ISSN: 1068-5200
PURE UUID: 004aaf40-1a05-475d-aebf-767c38136d12
ORCID for Yongmin Jung: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-4372
ORCID for Gregory Jasion: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-6479
ORCID for Francesco Poletti: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-3083

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 23 Aug 2023 16:58
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:10

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Contributors

Author: Yongmin Jung ORCID iD
Author: Jing Meng
Author: Kerrianne Harrington
Author: Hesham Sakr
Author: Ian A. Davidson
Author: Sijing Liang
Author: Gregory Jasion ORCID iD
Author: Francesco Poletti ORCID iD
Author: David J. Richardson

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