Experimental Evaluation of the Drag Curves of Small Fixed Wing UAVs

Weishaeupl, Adrian, McLay, Laminn and Sobester, Andras (2023) Experimental Evaluation of the Drag Curves of Small Fixed Wing UAVs. The Aeronautical Journal. (doi:10.1017/aer.2023.61).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Tight budgets often limit the scope of test campaigns within the development programmes of small uncrewed air vehicles (UAVs). This paper explores a range of combinations of instrumentation suites and protocols for both wind tunnel and flight evaluation, focusing on the key aspect of drawing up the drag curve of the airframe. Through extensive testing of a 5kg maximum take-off mass, fixed wing, twin motor, richly instrumented test platform, we show that automated glides over a range of airspeeds and the slow down manoeuvre are effective ways of determining power-off drag, while estimating thrust from propeller speed, and voltage and current sensing based methods work well for the power-on case. We also seek the most time-efficient and robust mix of the above manoeuvres to yield a given drag curve accuracy level and we find wind condition impacts the manoeuvre makeup of the optimal strategy.

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Experimental Evaluation of the Drag Curves of Small Fixed Wing UAVs - Accepted Manuscript

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Accepted/In Press date: 23 June 2023

e-pub ahead of print date: 27 July 2023

Additional Information: Funding Information: We are grateful to Dr. Dave Marshall of the R.J. Mitchell wind tunnel and Dr. David Toal for their support and patience. This research is funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council grant EP/R009953/1. Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society.

Keywords: Flight testing, Lift and drag curves, Test strategy, UAV