The use of non-violent resistance interventions for challenging behaviours exhibited by young people

Abstract

This thesis examines the use of non-violent resistance (NVR) as a parenting model for parents and carers with children who exhibit antisocial behaviours. Chapter 1 is a systematic review of quantitative literature exploring the use of the NVR parenting model and its impact. A narrative synthesis of 12 papers revealed that the intervention has been delivered in a group and 1:1 setting, with target groups including parents, foster carers, and residential workers. Studies have reported positive results for both parents and carers (e.g., increased parental self-efficacy and reduced helplessness) and the young people (e.g., reduction in challenging behaviours). However, no positive change was found for parental stress and there was a limited positive impact on the work climate of residential workers. The approach has also been adapted to meet the needs of specific diagnoses, including Type 1 diabetes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Existing literature limitations are explored, future research suggestions are discussed, and clinical implications are detailed.

The second chapter presents an empirical paper exploring quantitative data collected from participants who attended a 10-week face-to-face NVR parenting group facilitated by parent practitioners with lived experiences. Outcome measures of 40 parents and carers were examined using a multilevel model analysis. The data collected at three time points (session one, five and ten) suggested that an NVR parent group significantly improved parental stress, self-efficacy, and parenting style. Positive results were also found when exploring the overall emotional and behaviour wellbeing of the children, as reported by parents/carers. The overall findings of the analysis suggest that an NVR parent group run by parent practitioners is an effective intervention for families with children who exhibit challenging behaviours, and the clinical implications are explored. Study limitations are discussed and suggestions for future research are also highlighted.

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ORCID for Katy Sivyer: orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-0102

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