Experiencing hallucinations in daily life: the role of metacognition
Experiencing hallucinations in daily life: the role of metacognition
Background: hallucinations have been linked to failures in metacognitive reflection suggesting an association between hallucinations and overestimation of performance, although the cross-sectional findings are inconsistent. This inconsistency may relate to the fluctuating hallucinatory experiences that are not captured in cross-sectional studies. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) captures in-the-moment experiences over time so can identify causal relationships between variables such as the associations between metacognition and hallucinatory experience in daily life and overcome problems in cross-sectional designs.
Methods: participants (N = 41) experiencing daily hallucinations completed baseline questionnaires and smartphone surveys 7 times per day for 14 days. They were prompted to identify a task they would complete in the next 4 h and to make metacognitive predictions around the likelihood of completing the task, the difficulty of the task, and how well they would complete it (standard of completion).
Results: 76 % finished the 14-days of assessment with an average of 42.2 % survey completion. Less accurate metacognition was associated with more hallucinations, but less accurate likelihood and standard of completion was associated with fewer hallucinations. Using a cross-lagged analysis, metacognitive predictions around the likelihood of completion (p < .001) and standard of completion (p = .01) predicted hallucination intensity at the following timepoint, and metacognitive predictions regarding likelihood of completion (p = .02) predicted hallucination control at the following timepoint.
Discussion: interventions that aim to improve metacognitive ability in-the-moment may serve to reduce the intensity and increase the control of hallucinations.
Cognitive-affective processing, EMA, ESM, Hallucinations, Metacognition, Mobile health, Psychosis
74-82
Wright, Abigail C.
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Palmer-Cooper, Emma
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Cella, Matteo
99f8b136-f0ea-40af-86b0-c51b592a1c47
McGuire, Nicola
953b34ad-b156-4de9-8e49-6789f85fe14c
Montagnese, Marcella
c8fe3d22-551e-4ee0-8388-f110239ec53f
Dlugunovych, Viktor
14b07e36-c3ee-48a6-937c-7ca5cb23fbfb
Liu, Chih-Wei Joshua
ca7c0dd8-d32c-4821-9ce3-4aa6c5a8367e
Wykes, Til
0c2f31ee-b66c-47a8-af3a-acf7992c2ad1
Cather, Corinne
6af89ddc-3abb-4cac-9f5b-5dc1bbe49ced
13 January 2023
Wright, Abigail C.
03f51f82-44aa-425d-bc9c-0097228bd1a7
Palmer-Cooper, Emma
e96e8cb6-2221-4dc7-b556-603f2cf6b086
Cella, Matteo
99f8b136-f0ea-40af-86b0-c51b592a1c47
McGuire, Nicola
953b34ad-b156-4de9-8e49-6789f85fe14c
Montagnese, Marcella
c8fe3d22-551e-4ee0-8388-f110239ec53f
Dlugunovych, Viktor
14b07e36-c3ee-48a6-937c-7ca5cb23fbfb
Liu, Chih-Wei Joshua
ca7c0dd8-d32c-4821-9ce3-4aa6c5a8367e
Wykes, Til
0c2f31ee-b66c-47a8-af3a-acf7992c2ad1
Cather, Corinne
6af89ddc-3abb-4cac-9f5b-5dc1bbe49ced
Wright, Abigail C., Palmer-Cooper, Emma, Cella, Matteo, McGuire, Nicola, Montagnese, Marcella, Dlugunovych, Viktor, Liu, Chih-Wei Joshua, Wykes, Til and Cather, Corinne
(2023)
Experiencing hallucinations in daily life: the role of metacognition.
Schizophrenia Research, 265, .
(doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.023).
Abstract
Background: hallucinations have been linked to failures in metacognitive reflection suggesting an association between hallucinations and overestimation of performance, although the cross-sectional findings are inconsistent. This inconsistency may relate to the fluctuating hallucinatory experiences that are not captured in cross-sectional studies. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) captures in-the-moment experiences over time so can identify causal relationships between variables such as the associations between metacognition and hallucinatory experience in daily life and overcome problems in cross-sectional designs.
Methods: participants (N = 41) experiencing daily hallucinations completed baseline questionnaires and smartphone surveys 7 times per day for 14 days. They were prompted to identify a task they would complete in the next 4 h and to make metacognitive predictions around the likelihood of completing the task, the difficulty of the task, and how well they would complete it (standard of completion).
Results: 76 % finished the 14-days of assessment with an average of 42.2 % survey completion. Less accurate metacognition was associated with more hallucinations, but less accurate likelihood and standard of completion was associated with fewer hallucinations. Using a cross-lagged analysis, metacognitive predictions around the likelihood of completion (p < .001) and standard of completion (p = .01) predicted hallucination intensity at the following timepoint, and metacognitive predictions regarding likelihood of completion (p = .02) predicted hallucination control at the following timepoint.
Discussion: interventions that aim to improve metacognitive ability in-the-moment may serve to reduce the intensity and increase the control of hallucinations.
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Accepted/In Press date: 22 December 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 7 January 2023
Published date: 13 January 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This research project was supported by an internal fund from Massachusetts Department of Mental Health to the Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research at Massachusetts General Hospital .
Keywords:
Cognitive-affective processing, EMA, ESM, Hallucinations, Metacognition, Mobile health, Psychosis
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 482502
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/482502
ISSN: 0920-9964
PURE UUID: be2b1910-2941-4505-9422-5b2805de09db
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Date deposited: 09 Oct 2023 17:04
Last modified: 12 Jul 2024 02:02
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Contributors
Author:
Abigail C. Wright
Author:
Matteo Cella
Author:
Nicola McGuire
Author:
Marcella Montagnese
Author:
Viktor Dlugunovych
Author:
Chih-Wei Joshua Liu
Author:
Til Wykes
Author:
Corinne Cather
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