Predator-induced defences under tropicalisation: a biogeographic approach
Predator-induced defences under tropicalisation: a biogeographic approach
Aim: the biogeography of predator-induced defences is an understudied area of predator–prey dynamics. Range overlap with predators that induce the response and local demographics (e.g., prey abundances) are likely to be important factors for determining the biogeographic distribution of induced defences within species. However, with climate warming, range-expanding warm-water predators are increasingly preying upon temperate species. This is a consequence of a wider phenomenon known as tropicalisation. We aim to determine: (i) if individuals of a temperate barnacle with induced defences (‘bent morphs’) are primarily present where they co-occur with range-expanding warm-water predators (muricid snails) and, (ii) if bent morphs are size-structured within populations.
Location: north-eastern Pacific rocky intertidal zone (~26–40° N).
Taxon: Tetraclita rubescens (Nilsson-Cantell, 1931), Balanomorpha.
Methods: we use photoquadrats from sites across the range of T. rubescens to determine the biogeographic distribution of populations with bent morphs and to assess size-structure. We use a combination of field surveys, literature, and museum occurrences to assess range overlap between cool and warm-water predators of T. rubescens and their association with populations with bent morphs and abundance patterns of T. rubescens.
Results: bent morphs are commonly found within the equatorward portion of the species' range (where abundances are highest), in populations overlapping with range-expanding warm-water predators. Bent morphs primarily occur within the smaller size classes.
Main conclusions: to be partly resilient to the effects of tropicalisation, temperate prey must acclimatise/adapt to altered predator–prey dynamics. Predator-induced defences are one way to do this. We show that bent morphs within a temperate prey species (T. rubescens) are largely restricted to populations that overlap with large-bodied and range-expanding warm-water predators. This is evidence for the partial resilience of T. rubescens to tropicalisation and provides the rationale for further exploration of the eco-evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation in this study system and others.
Barnacles, Mexacanthina, Muricidae, predator-induced defence, predator–prey dynamics, range shifts, rocky intertidal zone, Stramonita, Tetraclita rubescens, tropicalisation
2148-2159
Fenberg, Phillip
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Beas-Luna, Rodrigo
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Igic, Boris
dd0ea63c-817f-45be-a44e-a75945a155f9
Maclean, Moira
61661eb4-5549-4b68-b085-6fdd352664cb
Paz-Garcia, David
dd1aed4c-901e-4a93-b06f-ce4922f0415c
Raimondi, Peter
c5a4d55e-b300-4bac-a4ce-79be59a81c94
Sones, Jacqueline
e67574d5-e207-4ce7-a95a-6ad3e5d537bb
Zarzyczny, Karolina Magdalena
f413d318-ce7a-4899-8502-88989b9af01a
Sanford, Eric
832bf800-d386-4b67-869b-db77d154c755
December 2023
Fenberg, Phillip
c73918cd-98cc-41e6-a18c-bf0de4f1ace8
Beas-Luna, Rodrigo
990469b2-8f29-4042-bcf8-d376d05640d2
Igic, Boris
dd0ea63c-817f-45be-a44e-a75945a155f9
Maclean, Moira
61661eb4-5549-4b68-b085-6fdd352664cb
Paz-Garcia, David
dd1aed4c-901e-4a93-b06f-ce4922f0415c
Raimondi, Peter
c5a4d55e-b300-4bac-a4ce-79be59a81c94
Sones, Jacqueline
e67574d5-e207-4ce7-a95a-6ad3e5d537bb
Zarzyczny, Karolina Magdalena
f413d318-ce7a-4899-8502-88989b9af01a
Sanford, Eric
832bf800-d386-4b67-869b-db77d154c755
Fenberg, Phillip, Beas-Luna, Rodrigo, Igic, Boris, Maclean, Moira, Paz-Garcia, David, Raimondi, Peter, Sones, Jacqueline, Zarzyczny, Karolina Magdalena and Sanford, Eric
(2023)
Predator-induced defences under tropicalisation: a biogeographic approach.
Journal of Biogeography, 50 (12), .
(doi:10.1111/jbi.14716).
Abstract
Aim: the biogeography of predator-induced defences is an understudied area of predator–prey dynamics. Range overlap with predators that induce the response and local demographics (e.g., prey abundances) are likely to be important factors for determining the biogeographic distribution of induced defences within species. However, with climate warming, range-expanding warm-water predators are increasingly preying upon temperate species. This is a consequence of a wider phenomenon known as tropicalisation. We aim to determine: (i) if individuals of a temperate barnacle with induced defences (‘bent morphs’) are primarily present where they co-occur with range-expanding warm-water predators (muricid snails) and, (ii) if bent morphs are size-structured within populations.
Location: north-eastern Pacific rocky intertidal zone (~26–40° N).
Taxon: Tetraclita rubescens (Nilsson-Cantell, 1931), Balanomorpha.
Methods: we use photoquadrats from sites across the range of T. rubescens to determine the biogeographic distribution of populations with bent morphs and to assess size-structure. We use a combination of field surveys, literature, and museum occurrences to assess range overlap between cool and warm-water predators of T. rubescens and their association with populations with bent morphs and abundance patterns of T. rubescens.
Results: bent morphs are commonly found within the equatorward portion of the species' range (where abundances are highest), in populations overlapping with range-expanding warm-water predators. Bent morphs primarily occur within the smaller size classes.
Main conclusions: to be partly resilient to the effects of tropicalisation, temperate prey must acclimatise/adapt to altered predator–prey dynamics. Predator-induced defences are one way to do this. We show that bent morphs within a temperate prey species (T. rubescens) are largely restricted to populations that overlap with large-bodied and range-expanding warm-water predators. This is evidence for the partial resilience of T. rubescens to tropicalisation and provides the rationale for further exploration of the eco-evolutionary consequences of tropicalisation in this study system and others.
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Fenberg et al_2023_Tetraclita
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Accepted/In Press date: 22 August 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 19 September 2023
Published date: December 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
This collaborative and international work would not have been possible without funding support from various agencies based in the UK, USA, and Mexico. PBF is grateful for fieldwork support from a grant by The Royal Society (RG2017R1). KMZ is grateful for a grant by the Malacological Society of London, the Genetics Society, and the INSPIRE Doctoral training grant from NERC: NE/S007210/1. ES is grateful for support from NSF grant OCE-1851462. PTR acknowledges funding support for the Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network (MARINe) from: The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, The National Park Service, US Navy, The Ocean Protection Council, and collaborative funding from The Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO). RBL is grateful for UABC internal funds and the Management of Ecosystems Across the Californias team (MexCal; http://mex-cal.org). We are thankful for field support from Jared Figurki, Laura Dennis, Andrea Puga, Anne Zell, and all the MARINe fieldwork assistants and researchers. We are grateful to the many observers who shared records and photographs on iNaturalist (www.inaturalist.org). Finally, PBF and ES are thankful for helpful insights from William Newman about the morphology and growth of Tetraclita rubescens. No permits were necessary for this research.
Funding Information:
This collaborative and international work would not have been possible without funding support from various agencies based in the UK, USA, and Mexico. PBF is grateful for fieldwork support from a grant by The Royal Society (RG2017R1). KMZ is grateful for a grant by the Malacological Society of London, the Genetics Society, and the INSPIRE Doctoral training grant from NERC: NE/S007210/1. ES is grateful for support from NSF grant OCE‐1851462. PTR acknowledges funding support for the Multi‐Agency Rocky Intertidal Network (MARINe) from: The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, The National Park Service, US Navy, The Ocean Protection Council, and collaborative funding from The Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO). RBL is grateful for UABC internal funds and the Management of Ecosystems Across the Californias team (MexCal; http://mex‐cal.org ). We are thankful for field support from Jared Figurki, Laura Dennis, Andrea Puga, Anne Zell, and all the MARINe fieldwork assistants and researchers. We are grateful to the many observers who shared records and photographs on iNaturalist ( www.inaturalist.org ). Finally, PBF and ES are thankful for helpful insights from William Newman about the morphology and growth of . No permits were necessary for this research. Tetraclita rubescens
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Biogeography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Keywords:
Barnacles, Mexacanthina, Muricidae, predator-induced defence, predator–prey dynamics, range shifts, rocky intertidal zone, Stramonita, Tetraclita rubescens, tropicalisation
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Local EPrints ID: 482710
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/482710
ISSN: 0305-0270
PURE UUID: 641e638a-8871-42f2-ac05-be6e5e508620
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Date deposited: 11 Oct 2023 16:55
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 03:28
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Author:
Rodrigo Beas-Luna
Author:
Boris Igic
Author:
David Paz-Garcia
Author:
Peter Raimondi
Author:
Jacqueline Sones
Author:
Eric Sanford
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