The visual perception of wetness: the role of stain chroma, size, and hue
The visual perception of wetness: the role of stain chroma, size, and hue
A range of sensory cues contribute to human wetness perception, yet we know little of how visual modalities are involved, specifically if in-situ physical observations differ from ex-situ online observations. We aimed to assess the effect of stain volume, chroma, size, and hue on the wetness perception of static images, with a comparison to previously collected in-situ data. A total of 440 participants completed the online study, including 18 from an analogous in-situ study. Stimuli varied in physical wetness (0, 2.16 × 10−4 or 3.45 × 10−4 mL mm−2), stain chroma (clear saline, light synthetic urine, dark synthetic urine) and stain size (1150 or 5000 mm2). Further stimuli of a fixed wetness (3.45 × 10−4 mL mm−2) varied in stain hue (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet) and stain size (1150 or 5000 mm2). Participants rated wetness perception using a visual analogue scale (very dry to very wet) and modified yes/no task (dry/wet, gloss/matte, dilute/concentrate). Participants successfully discriminated between all physical wetness levels. Wetness perception shared a positive relationship with stain chroma and size, and varied with hue such that higher wavelengths resulted in greater wetness perception. Finally, online and in-situ wetness perception did not significantly differ.
Practical applications: the findings fundamentally contribute to our scientific understanding of wetness perception, giving evidence toward different multisensory integration theories. Further applications lie in industry, such as improving the structure, function, and perception of absorbent hygiene products or informing the design of sportswear with moisture management properties. Additionally, findings may aid the improvement of digital software which uses visual wetness components, for example in augmented and virtual realities.
Merrick, Charlotte
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Rosati, Rodrigo
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Filingeri, Davide
42502a34-e7e6-4b49-b304-ce2ae0bf7b24
December 2023
Merrick, Charlotte
10bd9458-829e-4662-b9ee-4c687926ae93
Rosati, Rodrigo
c560cd8b-6695-46ed-b2ee-939e73b592c2
Filingeri, Davide
42502a34-e7e6-4b49-b304-ce2ae0bf7b24
Merrick, Charlotte, Rosati, Rodrigo and Filingeri, Davide
(2023)
The visual perception of wetness: the role of stain chroma, size, and hue.
Journal of Sensory Studies, 38 (6), [e12879].
(doi:10.1111/joss.12879).
Abstract
A range of sensory cues contribute to human wetness perception, yet we know little of how visual modalities are involved, specifically if in-situ physical observations differ from ex-situ online observations. We aimed to assess the effect of stain volume, chroma, size, and hue on the wetness perception of static images, with a comparison to previously collected in-situ data. A total of 440 participants completed the online study, including 18 from an analogous in-situ study. Stimuli varied in physical wetness (0, 2.16 × 10−4 or 3.45 × 10−4 mL mm−2), stain chroma (clear saline, light synthetic urine, dark synthetic urine) and stain size (1150 or 5000 mm2). Further stimuli of a fixed wetness (3.45 × 10−4 mL mm−2) varied in stain hue (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet) and stain size (1150 or 5000 mm2). Participants rated wetness perception using a visual analogue scale (very dry to very wet) and modified yes/no task (dry/wet, gloss/matte, dilute/concentrate). Participants successfully discriminated between all physical wetness levels. Wetness perception shared a positive relationship with stain chroma and size, and varied with hue such that higher wavelengths resulted in greater wetness perception. Finally, online and in-situ wetness perception did not significantly differ.
Practical applications: the findings fundamentally contribute to our scientific understanding of wetness perception, giving evidence toward different multisensory integration theories. Further applications lie in industry, such as improving the structure, function, and perception of absorbent hygiene products or informing the design of sportswear with moisture management properties. Additionally, findings may aid the improvement of digital software which uses visual wetness components, for example in augmented and virtual realities.
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2023_VisualWetness_JSS
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Accepted/In Press date: 17 August 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 19 September 2023
Published date: December 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
The present research was conducted in the context of an industry co‐funded PhD at Loughborough University, with financial support from The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Procter and Gamble Service GmbH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Sensory Studies published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Funding Information:
The present research was conducted in the context of an industry co‐funded PhD at Loughborough University, with financial support from The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Procter and Gamble Service GmbH.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Professor Sue Hignett and Dr Ashleigh Filtness for their guidance, and Sam Swift for developing the script used to produce interactive visual analogue scales.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Sensory Studies published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 482855
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/482855
ISSN: 0887-8250
PURE UUID: 4abd7afd-5046-4da9-9eab-4577464a05d3
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Date deposited: 13 Oct 2023 16:51
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 04:00
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Author:
Charlotte Merrick
Author:
Rodrigo Rosati
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