High-speed photography of compressed human trabecular bone correlates whitening to microscopic damage
High-speed photography of compressed human trabecular bone correlates whitening to microscopic damage
Mechanical testing of trabecular bone is mainly motivated by the huge impact of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and the aged in society in terms of social and health care costs. Trabecular bone loss and impairment of its mechanical properties reduce bone strength and increase fracture risk, especially in vertebrae. It is generally accepted that in addition to bone mineral density, microarchitecture and material properties of bone also play important roles for bone strength and fracture risk. In order to overcome the limitations of standard mechanical tests delivering merely integral information about complicated samples, experiments were designed for step-wise mechanical testing with concurrent imaging of trabecular and cortical bone. In this communication we present an approach for real-time imaging of trabecular bone during compression using high-speed photography and investigate the hypothesis whether the whitening of deformed trabeculae is due to microdamage. Experiments on human trabecular bone samples from a healthy male donor revealed that failure of such samples is highly localized in fracture bands. Moreover, strongly deformed trabeculae were seen to whiten, an effect similar to stress whitening in polymers. Scanning Electron Microscopy of the same regions of interest revealed that whitened trabeculae were strongly damaged by microscopic cracks and mostly failed in delamination. Higher resolution images uncovered mineralized collagen fibrils spanning the cracks. The whitening partially faded after unloading of the samples, presumably due to partial crack closure. Overall, high-speed photography enables microdamage detection in real-time during a mechanical test and provides a correlation to recorded stress strain curves.
trabecular bone, fracture, high-speed photography, stress-whitening, microdamage, delamination
1928-1941
Thurner, Philipp J.
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Erickson, Blake
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Jungmann, Ralf
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Schriock, Zachary
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Weaver, James C.
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Fantner, Georg E.
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Schitter, Georg
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Morse, Daniel E.
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Hansma, Paul K.
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August 2007
Thurner, Philipp J.
ab711ddd-784e-48de-aaad-f56aec40f84f
Erickson, Blake
40ec2e67-fedb-4351-ad8a-0d7803bdef36
Jungmann, Ralf
cd390b50-a216-4b0c-b205-76d4ee984594
Schriock, Zachary
4691629a-8127-452b-83e9-263bc51be218
Weaver, James C.
a8234238-bb1c-4bc2-8a1b-5484a8bbd5bd
Fantner, Georg E.
e95e5469-568d-4c76-843c-bb8a4f6153df
Schitter, Georg
a75aafc7-0804-4bbc-a2ee-792a17aed5fa
Morse, Daniel E.
aaa0e018-1bd0-41f3-8ff8-b8a22015d742
Hansma, Paul K.
aeab95c4-0f23-4690-8302-72db3316215d
Thurner, Philipp J., Erickson, Blake, Jungmann, Ralf, Schriock, Zachary, Weaver, James C., Fantner, Georg E., Schitter, Georg, Morse, Daniel E. and Hansma, Paul K.
(2007)
High-speed photography of compressed human trabecular bone correlates whitening to microscopic damage.
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 74 (12), .
(doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.05.024).
Abstract
Mechanical testing of trabecular bone is mainly motivated by the huge impact of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and the aged in society in terms of social and health care costs. Trabecular bone loss and impairment of its mechanical properties reduce bone strength and increase fracture risk, especially in vertebrae. It is generally accepted that in addition to bone mineral density, microarchitecture and material properties of bone also play important roles for bone strength and fracture risk. In order to overcome the limitations of standard mechanical tests delivering merely integral information about complicated samples, experiments were designed for step-wise mechanical testing with concurrent imaging of trabecular and cortical bone. In this communication we present an approach for real-time imaging of trabecular bone during compression using high-speed photography and investigate the hypothesis whether the whitening of deformed trabeculae is due to microdamage. Experiments on human trabecular bone samples from a healthy male donor revealed that failure of such samples is highly localized in fracture bands. Moreover, strongly deformed trabeculae were seen to whiten, an effect similar to stress whitening in polymers. Scanning Electron Microscopy of the same regions of interest revealed that whitened trabeculae were strongly damaged by microscopic cracks and mostly failed in delamination. Higher resolution images uncovered mineralized collagen fibrils spanning the cracks. The whitening partially faded after unloading of the samples, presumably due to partial crack closure. Overall, high-speed photography enables microdamage detection in real-time during a mechanical test and provides a correlation to recorded stress strain curves.
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Published date: August 2007
Keywords:
trabecular bone, fracture, high-speed photography, stress-whitening, microdamage, delamination
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Local EPrints ID: 48331
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/48331
ISSN: 0013-7944
PURE UUID: 698f63fa-cde4-4d45-81ef-bde58a00e3a5
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Date deposited: 12 Sep 2007
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 09:45
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Author:
Blake Erickson
Author:
Ralf Jungmann
Author:
Zachary Schriock
Author:
James C. Weaver
Author:
Georg E. Fantner
Author:
Georg Schitter
Author:
Daniel E. Morse
Author:
Paul K. Hansma
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