Imported and indigenous Plasmodium Vivax and Plasmodium Falciparum malaria in the Hubei Province of China, 2005-2019
Imported and indigenous Plasmodium Vivax and Plasmodium Falciparum malaria in the Hubei Province of China, 2005-2019
Background: the Hubei Province in China reported its last indigenous malaria case in September 2012, but imported malaria cases, particularly those related to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, threaten Hubei's malaria-free status. This study investigated the epidemiological changes in P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria in this province to provide scientific evidence for preventing malaria resurgence.
Methods: The prevalence, demographic characteristics, seasonal features, and geographical distribution of malaria were assessed using surveillance data and were compared across three stages: control stage (2005-2009) and elimination stages I (2010-2014) and II (2015-2019).
Results: In 2005-2019, 8483 malaria cases were reported, including 5599 indigenous P. vivax cases, 275 imported P. vivax cases, 866 imported P. falciparum cases, and 1743 other cases. Imported P. falciparum cases accounted for 0.07% of all cases reported in 2005, but increased to 78.81% in 2019. Most imported P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria occurred among males, aged 21-60 years, during elimination stages I and II. The number of regions affected by imported P. falciparum and P. vivax increased markedly in Hubei from the control stage to elimination stage II. Overall, 1125 imported P. vivax and P. falciparum cases were detected from 47 other nations. Eight imported cases were detected from other provinces in China. From the control stage to elimination stage II, the number of cases of malaria imported from African countries increased, and that of cases imported from Southeast Asian countries decreased.
Conclusions: Although Hubei has achieved malaria elimination, it faces challenges in maintaining this status. Hence, imported malaria surveillance need to be strengthened to reduce the risk of malaria re-introduction.
China/epidemiology, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology, Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology, Malaria/prevention & control, Male, Plasmodium vivax, Malaria, Imported cases, China, Elimination, Epidemiology
Wu, Dongni
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Zhu, Hong
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Wan, Lun
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Zhang, Juan
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Lin, Wen
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Sun, Lingcong
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Zhang, Huaxun
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Liu, Si
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Cleary, Eimear
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Tatem, Andrew J.
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Xia, Jing
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Lai, Shengjie
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December 2023
Wu, Dongni
0e326f2c-4567-453d-85f9-8a812587b24a
Zhu, Hong
2b49417c-1991-4118-b338-9e1cd7209f2e
Wan, Lun
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Zhang, Juan
1839982d-6c65-45fd-990b-7b2b8f07a90c
Lin, Wen
a9bef01f-691e-41c8-9c97-4422314bed11
Sun, Lingcong
cf0ec6dd-b737-4da6-88de-d1f6a7391656
Zhang, Huaxun
ceee2906-023b-4097-b283-9b2d68c0055b
Liu, Si
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Cleary, Eimear
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Tatem, Andrew J.
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Xia, Jing
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Lai, Shengjie
b57a5fe8-cfb6-4fa7-b414-a98bb891b001
Wu, Dongni, Zhu, Hong, Wan, Lun, Zhang, Juan, Lin, Wen, Sun, Lingcong, Zhang, Huaxun, Liu, Si, Cleary, Eimear, Tatem, Andrew J., Xia, Jing and Lai, Shengjie
(2023)
Imported and indigenous Plasmodium Vivax and Plasmodium Falciparum malaria in the Hubei Province of China, 2005-2019.
Malaria Journal, 22 (1), [334].
(doi:10.1186/s12936-023-04752-7).
Abstract
Background: the Hubei Province in China reported its last indigenous malaria case in September 2012, but imported malaria cases, particularly those related to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, threaten Hubei's malaria-free status. This study investigated the epidemiological changes in P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria in this province to provide scientific evidence for preventing malaria resurgence.
Methods: The prevalence, demographic characteristics, seasonal features, and geographical distribution of malaria were assessed using surveillance data and were compared across three stages: control stage (2005-2009) and elimination stages I (2010-2014) and II (2015-2019).
Results: In 2005-2019, 8483 malaria cases were reported, including 5599 indigenous P. vivax cases, 275 imported P. vivax cases, 866 imported P. falciparum cases, and 1743 other cases. Imported P. falciparum cases accounted for 0.07% of all cases reported in 2005, but increased to 78.81% in 2019. Most imported P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria occurred among males, aged 21-60 years, during elimination stages I and II. The number of regions affected by imported P. falciparum and P. vivax increased markedly in Hubei from the control stage to elimination stage II. Overall, 1125 imported P. vivax and P. falciparum cases were detected from 47 other nations. Eight imported cases were detected from other provinces in China. From the control stage to elimination stage II, the number of cases of malaria imported from African countries increased, and that of cases imported from Southeast Asian countries decreased.
Conclusions: Although Hubei has achieved malaria elimination, it faces challenges in maintaining this status. Hence, imported malaria surveillance need to be strengthened to reduce the risk of malaria re-introduction.
Text
s12936-023-04752-7
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Submitted date: 23 February 2023
Accepted/In Press date: 11 October 2023
e-pub ahead of print date: 6 November 2023
Published date: December 2023
Additional Information:
© 2023. The Author(s).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
Keywords:
China/epidemiology, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology, Malaria, Vivax/epidemiology, Malaria/prevention & control, Male, Plasmodium vivax, Malaria, Imported cases, China, Elimination, Epidemiology
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Local EPrints ID: 484644
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/484644
ISSN: 1475-2875
PURE UUID: 5bdbac36-d21c-4ac2-b003-34595e8e806b
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Date deposited: 20 Nov 2023 17:31
Last modified: 13 Apr 2024 02:01
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Contributors
Author:
Dongni Wu
Author:
Hong Zhu
Author:
Lun Wan
Author:
Juan Zhang
Author:
Wen Lin
Author:
Lingcong Sun
Author:
Huaxun Zhang
Author:
Si Liu
Author:
Eimear Cleary
Author:
Jing Xia
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