Exhaled breath particles as a novel tool to study lipid composition of epithelial lining fluid from the distal lung
Exhaled breath particles as a novel tool to study lipid composition of epithelial lining fluid from the distal lung
Background: Surfactant phospholipid (PL) composition plays an important role in lung diseases. We compared the PL composition of non-invasively collected exhaled breath particles (PEx) with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and induced sputum (ISP) at baseline and following endotoxin (LPS) challenges. Methods: PEx and BAL were collected from ten healthy nonsmoking participants before and after segmental LPS challenge. Four weeks later, PEx and ISP were sampled in the week before and after a whole lung LPS inhalation challenge. PL composition was analysed using mass spectrometry. Results: The overall PL composition of BAL, ISP and PEx was similar, with PC(32:0) and PC(34:1) representing the largest fractions in all three sample types (baseline PC(32:0) geometric mean mol%: 52.1, 56.9, and 51.7, PC(34:1) mol%: 11.7, 11.9 and 11.4, respectively). Despite this similarity, PEx PL composition was more closely related to BAL than to ISP. For most lipids comparable inter-individual differences in BAL, ISP, and PEx were found. PL composition of PEx was repeatable. The most pronounced increase following segmental LPS challenge was detected for SM(d34:1) in BAL (0.24 to 0.52 mol%) and following inhalation LPS challenge in ISP (0.45 to 0.68 mol%). An increase of SM(d34:1) following segmental LPS challenge was also detectable in PEx (0.099 to 0.103 mol%). The inhalation challenge did not change PL composition of PEx. Conclusion: Our data supports the peripheral origin of PEx. The lack of PL changes in PEx after inhalation challenge might to be due to the overall weaker response of inhaled LPS which primarily affects the larger airways. Compared with BAL, which always contains lining fluid from both peripheral lung and central airways, PEx analysis might add value as a selective and non-invasive method to investigate peripheral airway PL composition. Trial registration: NCT03044327, first posted 07/02/2017.
Airway inflammation, Endotoxin challenge, Human experimental exposure, LPS
Larsson, Per
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Holz, Olaf
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Koster, Grielof
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Postle, Anthony
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Olin, Anna-Carin
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Hohlfeld, Jens M.
93e4d137-a7b0-43f4-85cd-bfc1e9714407
3 November 2023
Larsson, Per
d8087ec6-eebf-45f5-a421-709f2f1d6538
Holz, Olaf
7e85071e-d544-4db4-afe4-a731903e80ed
Koster, Grielof
e404c38a-6f48-430a-adf0-5208228cb9e7
Postle, Anthony
0fa17988-b4a0-4cdc-819a-9ae15c5dad66
Olin, Anna-Carin
2613f8f9-ce9e-4fec-b66d-8b84fb82e417
Hohlfeld, Jens M.
93e4d137-a7b0-43f4-85cd-bfc1e9714407
Larsson, Per, Holz, Olaf, Koster, Grielof, Postle, Anthony, Olin, Anna-Carin and Hohlfeld, Jens M.
(2023)
Exhaled breath particles as a novel tool to study lipid composition of epithelial lining fluid from the distal lung.
BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 23 (1), [423].
(doi:10.1186/s12890-023-02718-8).
Abstract
Background: Surfactant phospholipid (PL) composition plays an important role in lung diseases. We compared the PL composition of non-invasively collected exhaled breath particles (PEx) with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and induced sputum (ISP) at baseline and following endotoxin (LPS) challenges. Methods: PEx and BAL were collected from ten healthy nonsmoking participants before and after segmental LPS challenge. Four weeks later, PEx and ISP were sampled in the week before and after a whole lung LPS inhalation challenge. PL composition was analysed using mass spectrometry. Results: The overall PL composition of BAL, ISP and PEx was similar, with PC(32:0) and PC(34:1) representing the largest fractions in all three sample types (baseline PC(32:0) geometric mean mol%: 52.1, 56.9, and 51.7, PC(34:1) mol%: 11.7, 11.9 and 11.4, respectively). Despite this similarity, PEx PL composition was more closely related to BAL than to ISP. For most lipids comparable inter-individual differences in BAL, ISP, and PEx were found. PL composition of PEx was repeatable. The most pronounced increase following segmental LPS challenge was detected for SM(d34:1) in BAL (0.24 to 0.52 mol%) and following inhalation LPS challenge in ISP (0.45 to 0.68 mol%). An increase of SM(d34:1) following segmental LPS challenge was also detectable in PEx (0.099 to 0.103 mol%). The inhalation challenge did not change PL composition of PEx. Conclusion: Our data supports the peripheral origin of PEx. The lack of PL changes in PEx after inhalation challenge might to be due to the overall weaker response of inhaled LPS which primarily affects the larger airways. Compared with BAL, which always contains lining fluid from both peripheral lung and central airways, PEx analysis might add value as a selective and non-invasive method to investigate peripheral airway PL composition. Trial registration: NCT03044327, first posted 07/02/2017.
Text
s12890-023-02718-8
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Accepted/In Press date: 19 October 2023
Published date: 3 November 2023
Additional Information:
Funding Information:
Dr. Anthony Suffredini, NIH Clinical Center, kindly provided Clinical Center Reference Endotoxin. This study was funded by the German Center for Lung Research. We also like to thank the Team of the Fraunhofer ITEM Clinical Airway Research for conducting the study.
Funding Information:
Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This study was funded by the German Center for Lung Research, the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (FORTE project Nr 2017–02-064), and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) Short-Term Research Fellowship 2017 (project NR STRTF201704-00160).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
Keywords:
Airway inflammation, Endotoxin challenge, Human experimental exposure, LPS
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Local EPrints ID: 485957
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/485957
ISSN: 1471-2466
PURE UUID: 93382da9-9324-4b52-b413-181aa13900af
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Date deposited: 04 Jan 2024 06:01
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 02:31
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Author:
Per Larsson
Author:
Olaf Holz
Author:
Grielof Koster
Author:
Anna-Carin Olin
Author:
Jens M. Hohlfeld
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