Assembly of fillable microrobotic systems by microfluidic loading with dip sealing
Assembly of fillable microrobotic systems by microfluidic loading with dip sealing
Microrobots can provide spatiotemporally well-controlled cargo delivery that can improve therapeutic efficiency compared to conventional drug delivery strategies. Robust microfabrication methods to expand the variety of materials or cargoes that can be incorporated into microrobots can greatly broaden the scope of their functions. However, current surface coating or direct blending techniques used for cargo loading result in inefficient loading and poor cargo protection during transportation, which leads to cargo waste, degradation and non-specific release. Herein, a versatile platform to fabricate fillable microrobots using microfluidic loading and dip sealing (MLDS) is presented. MLDS enables the encapsulation of different types of cargoes within hollow microrobots and protection of cargo integrity. The technique is supported by high-resolution 3D printing with an integrated microfluidic loading system, which realizes a highly precise loading process and improves cargo loading capacity. A corresponding dip sealing strategy is developed to encase and protect the loaded cargo whilst maintaining the geometric and structural integrity of the loaded microrobots. This dip sealing technique is suitable for different materials, including thermal and light-responsive materials. The MLDS platform provides new opportunities for microrobotic systems in targeted drug delivery, environmental sensing, and chemically powered micromotor applications.
environmental sensing, fillable microrobotics, microfluidics, micromotors, targeted delivery
Sun, Rujie
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Song, Xin
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Zhou, Kun
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Zuo, Yuyang
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Wang, Richard
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Rifaie-Graham, Omar
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Peeler, David J.
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Xie, Ruoxiao
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Leng, Yixuan
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Geng, Hongya
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Brachi, Giulia
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Ma, Yun
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Liu, Yutong
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Barron, Lorna
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Stevens, Molly M.
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28 February 2023
Sun, Rujie
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Song, Xin
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Zhou, Kun
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Zuo, Yuyang
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Wang, Richard
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Rifaie-Graham, Omar
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Peeler, David J.
dea226bc-4f9f-47cd-9357-af840e89fb9e
Xie, Ruoxiao
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Leng, Yixuan
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Geng, Hongya
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Brachi, Giulia
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Ma, Yun
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Liu, Yutong
301339b6-10f6-4bd1-8cf8-2436126f73ff
Barron, Lorna
e2437144-f929-4577-a305-88176d6b286e
Stevens, Molly M.
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Sun, Rujie, Song, Xin, Zhou, Kun, Zuo, Yuyang, Wang, Richard, Rifaie-Graham, Omar, Peeler, David J., Xie, Ruoxiao, Leng, Yixuan, Geng, Hongya, Brachi, Giulia, Ma, Yun, Liu, Yutong, Barron, Lorna and Stevens, Molly M.
(2023)
Assembly of fillable microrobotic systems by microfluidic loading with dip sealing.
Advanced Materials, 35 (13), [2207791].
(doi:10.1002/adma.202207791).
Abstract
Microrobots can provide spatiotemporally well-controlled cargo delivery that can improve therapeutic efficiency compared to conventional drug delivery strategies. Robust microfabrication methods to expand the variety of materials or cargoes that can be incorporated into microrobots can greatly broaden the scope of their functions. However, current surface coating or direct blending techniques used for cargo loading result in inefficient loading and poor cargo protection during transportation, which leads to cargo waste, degradation and non-specific release. Herein, a versatile platform to fabricate fillable microrobots using microfluidic loading and dip sealing (MLDS) is presented. MLDS enables the encapsulation of different types of cargoes within hollow microrobots and protection of cargo integrity. The technique is supported by high-resolution 3D printing with an integrated microfluidic loading system, which realizes a highly precise loading process and improves cargo loading capacity. A corresponding dip sealing strategy is developed to encase and protect the loaded cargo whilst maintaining the geometric and structural integrity of the loaded microrobots. This dip sealing technique is suitable for different materials, including thermal and light-responsive materials. The MLDS platform provides new opportunities for microrobotic systems in targeted drug delivery, environmental sensing, and chemically powered micromotor applications.
Text
Advanced Materials - 2022 - Sun - Assembly of Fillable Microrobotic Systems by Microfluidic Loading with Dip Sealing
- Version of Record
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 11 December 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 26 February 2023
Published date: 28 February 2023
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Funding information:
The authors thank Nuala Del Piccolo and Ravi Desai for manuscript proofreading, and Akemi Nogiwa Valdez for extensive manuscript and data management support. The authors acknowledge access to SEM facilities at the Harvey Flower Electron Microscopy Suite (Department of Materials, Imperial College London) and confocal microscopy facilities at the Department of Bioengineering (Imperial College London). The authors acknowledge the Biological Imaging Centre (BIC) at Imperial College London for providing access to the FMT. The FMT equipment was purchased by an infrastructure grant from the British Heart Foundation. The authors thank Samuel Owen (Vascular Science, NHLI) and Nicoleta Baxan for their support and expertise with setting up and running the FMT experiments of this study. The authors acknowledge support from the Henry Royce Institute made through EPSRC grant EP/P02520X/1. The authors thank Bruno Rente for his expertise and support with setting up and running the physical vapor deposition of this study. X.S. acknowledges the financial support from the China Scholarship Council. R.W. and M.M.S. acknowledges funding from The Rosetrees Trust and The Stoneygate Trust under the Young Enterprise Fellowship agreement (A2741/M873). O.R.-G. kindly thanks the support given by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through an Early Postdoc.Mobility Fellowship (P2FRP2_181432) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement (893158). D.P. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement (101027174). R.X. and M.M.S. acknowledge support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P00114/1). M.M.S. acknowledges support from the Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies award (CiET2021∖94) and the Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award (098411/Z/12/Z). This work was supported in part by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The findings and conclusions contained within are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the positions or policies of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission.
Keywords:
environmental sensing, fillable microrobotics, microfluidics, micromotors, targeted delivery
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 486914
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/486914
ISSN: 1521-4095
PURE UUID: 1695d587-54c0-4e24-bbe7-2689756f51e1
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Date deposited: 08 Feb 2024 17:38
Last modified: 17 Mar 2024 07:24
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Contributors
Author:
Rujie Sun
Author:
Xin Song
Author:
Kun Zhou
Author:
Yuyang Zuo
Author:
Richard Wang
Author:
Omar Rifaie-Graham
Author:
David J. Peeler
Author:
Ruoxiao Xie
Author:
Yixuan Leng
Author:
Hongya Geng
Author:
Giulia Brachi
Author:
Yun Ma
Author:
Yutong Liu
Author:
Lorna Barron
Author:
Molly M. Stevens
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