Energy-efficient reconfigurable holographic surfaces operating in the presence of realistic hardware impairments
Energy-efficient reconfigurable holographic surfaces operating in the presence of realistic hardware impairments
Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) constitute a promising technique of supporting energy-efficient communications. In this paper, we formulate the energy efficiency maximization problem of the switch-controlled RHS-aided beamforming architecture by alternately optimizing the holographic beamformer at the RHS, the digital beamformer, the total transmit power and the power sharing ratio of each user. Specifically, to deal with this challenging non-convex optimization problem, we decouple it into three sub-problems. Firstly, the coefficients of RHS elements responsible for the holographic beamformer are optimized to maximize the sum of the eigen-channel gains of all users by our proposed low-complexity eigen-decomposition (ED) method. Then, the digital beamformer is designed by the singular value decomposition (SVD) method to support multi-user information transfer. Finally, the total transmit power and the power sharing ratio are alternately optimized, while considering the effect of transceiver hardware impairments (HWI). We theoretically derive the spectral efficiency and energy efficiency performance upper bound for the RHS-based beamforming architectures in the presence of HWIs. Our simulation results show that the switch-controlled RHS-aided beamforming architecture achieves higher energy efficiency than the conventional fully digital beamformer and the hybrid beamformer based on phase shift arrays (PSA). Moreover, considering the effect of HWI in the beamforming design can bring about further energy efficiency enhancements.
Array signal processing, eigen-decomposition (ED), energy efficiency, Feeds, hardware impairment (HWI), hybrid beamforming, MIMO communication, Radio frequency, Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHS), Switches, Transmission line matrix methods, Vectors
5226-5238
Li, Qingchao
69625501-d192-4a81-861f-f7ac9dd1e882
El-Hajjar, Mohammed
3a829028-a427-4123-b885-2bab81a44b6f
Sun, Yanshi
df2b0b03-ddc1-4b0a-8216-d4b095c50dd5
Hemadeh, Ibrahim
11f27b54-e3da-4699-bc72-9a3508e76ccf
Shojaeifard, Arman
a2b98bfd-74d2-4b8c-aa8b-839b5a8c4e4c
Hanzo, Lajos
66e7266f-3066-4fc0-8391-e000acce71a1
27 March 2024
Li, Qingchao
69625501-d192-4a81-861f-f7ac9dd1e882
El-Hajjar, Mohammed
3a829028-a427-4123-b885-2bab81a44b6f
Sun, Yanshi
df2b0b03-ddc1-4b0a-8216-d4b095c50dd5
Hemadeh, Ibrahim
11f27b54-e3da-4699-bc72-9a3508e76ccf
Shojaeifard, Arman
a2b98bfd-74d2-4b8c-aa8b-839b5a8c4e4c
Hanzo, Lajos
66e7266f-3066-4fc0-8391-e000acce71a1
Li, Qingchao, El-Hajjar, Mohammed and Sun, Yanshi
,
et al.
(2024)
Energy-efficient reconfigurable holographic surfaces operating in the presence of realistic hardware impairments.
IEEE Transactions on Communications, 72 (8), .
(doi:10.1109/TCOMM.2024.3382333).
Abstract
Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHSs) constitute a promising technique of supporting energy-efficient communications. In this paper, we formulate the energy efficiency maximization problem of the switch-controlled RHS-aided beamforming architecture by alternately optimizing the holographic beamformer at the RHS, the digital beamformer, the total transmit power and the power sharing ratio of each user. Specifically, to deal with this challenging non-convex optimization problem, we decouple it into three sub-problems. Firstly, the coefficients of RHS elements responsible for the holographic beamformer are optimized to maximize the sum of the eigen-channel gains of all users by our proposed low-complexity eigen-decomposition (ED) method. Then, the digital beamformer is designed by the singular value decomposition (SVD) method to support multi-user information transfer. Finally, the total transmit power and the power sharing ratio are alternately optimized, while considering the effect of transceiver hardware impairments (HWI). We theoretically derive the spectral efficiency and energy efficiency performance upper bound for the RHS-based beamforming architectures in the presence of HWIs. Our simulation results show that the switch-controlled RHS-aided beamforming architecture achieves higher energy efficiency than the conventional fully digital beamformer and the hybrid beamformer based on phase shift arrays (PSA). Moreover, considering the effect of HWI in the beamforming design can bring about further energy efficiency enhancements.
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TAMS
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 22 March 2024
e-pub ahead of print date: 27 March 2024
Published date: 27 March 2024
Additional Information:
Publisher Copyright:
IEEE
Keywords:
Array signal processing, eigen-decomposition (ED), energy efficiency, Feeds, hardware impairment (HWI), hybrid beamforming, MIMO communication, Radio frequency, Reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHS), Switches, Transmission line matrix methods, Vectors
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 488635
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/488635
ISSN: 0090-6778
PURE UUID: aa39e982-d4ca-4c0d-964c-acf258c947bd
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Date deposited: 27 Mar 2024 17:58
Last modified: 13 Nov 2024 05:01
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Contributors
Author:
Qingchao Li
Author:
Mohammed El-Hajjar
Author:
Yanshi Sun
Author:
Ibrahim Hemadeh
Author:
Arman Shojaeifard
Author:
Lajos Hanzo
Corporate Author: et al.
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