4D printing: technological developments in robotics applications
4D printing: technological developments in robotics applications
The idea of four-dimensional (4D) printing is the formation of intricate stimuli-responsive 3D architectures that transform into different forms and shapes upon exposure to environmental stimuli. 4D printing (4DP) of smart/intelligent materials is a promising and novel approach to generate intricate structures for biomedical, food, electronics, textile, and agricultural fields. Nowadays, soft robotics is a growing research field focusing on developing micro/nanoscale 4D-printed robots using intelligent materials. Herein, recent advancements in 4DP of soft robotics, actuators, and grippers are summarized. This review also highlights some recent developments in novel robotics technologies and materials including multi-material printing, electro-, and magneto-active soft materials (MASMs), and metamaterials. It also sheds light on different modeling mechanisms including numerical models and machine learning (ML) models for fabricating highly precise and efficient micro/macro-scaled robots. The applications of shape-memory polymers (SMPs), hydrogels, and liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs)-based 4D-printed soft and intelligent robots in different engineering fields are highlighted. Lastly, this review incorporates current challenges which are hindering the actual utilization of 4D-printed soft robotics and their possible remedies.
Khalid, Muhammad Yasir
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Arif, Zia Ullah
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Ahmed, Waqas
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Umer, Rehan
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Zolfagharian, Ali
e131ad99-f88e-4297-84c6-9fea2beb891f
Bodaghi, Mahdi
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13 June 2022
Khalid, Muhammad Yasir
156549c9-dd36-42d8-a9d1-8118a3286d3f
Arif, Zia Ullah
49914102-f4f6-417f-9881-22a80015dedf
Ahmed, Waqas
0203f651-62ed-4579-ab8e-d175799ca62c
Umer, Rehan
cdf372ed-5abe-46be-a34a-9107d8813ac3
Zolfagharian, Ali
e131ad99-f88e-4297-84c6-9fea2beb891f
Bodaghi, Mahdi
3f0e3afe-4253-4a53-847b-03fb4e85bf14
Khalid, Muhammad Yasir, Arif, Zia Ullah, Ahmed, Waqas, Umer, Rehan, Zolfagharian, Ali and Bodaghi, Mahdi
(2022)
4D printing: technological developments in robotics applications.
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 343, [113670].
(doi:10.1016/j.sna.2022.113670).
Abstract
The idea of four-dimensional (4D) printing is the formation of intricate stimuli-responsive 3D architectures that transform into different forms and shapes upon exposure to environmental stimuli. 4D printing (4DP) of smart/intelligent materials is a promising and novel approach to generate intricate structures for biomedical, food, electronics, textile, and agricultural fields. Nowadays, soft robotics is a growing research field focusing on developing micro/nanoscale 4D-printed robots using intelligent materials. Herein, recent advancements in 4DP of soft robotics, actuators, and grippers are summarized. This review also highlights some recent developments in novel robotics technologies and materials including multi-material printing, electro-, and magneto-active soft materials (MASMs), and metamaterials. It also sheds light on different modeling mechanisms including numerical models and machine learning (ML) models for fabricating highly precise and efficient micro/macro-scaled robots. The applications of shape-memory polymers (SMPs), hydrogels, and liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs)-based 4D-printed soft and intelligent robots in different engineering fields are highlighted. Lastly, this review incorporates current challenges which are hindering the actual utilization of 4D-printed soft robotics and their possible remedies.
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Accepted/In Press date: 5 June 2022
e-pub ahead of print date: 9 June 2022
Published date: 13 June 2022
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Local EPrints ID: 489268
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/489268
ISSN: 0924-4247
PURE UUID: d3547da2-80f6-4528-ba84-bce5782fef1d
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Date deposited: 18 Apr 2024 17:00
Last modified: 19 Apr 2024 02:06
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Contributors
Author:
Muhammad Yasir Khalid
Author:
Zia Ullah Arif
Author:
Waqas Ahmed
Author:
Rehan Umer
Author:
Ali Zolfagharian
Author:
Mahdi Bodaghi
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