Layered potassium titanium niobate/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as a potassium-ion battery anode

Abstract

With graphite currently leading as the most viable anode for potassium-ion batteries (KIBs), other materials have been left relatively under-examined. Transition metal oxides are among these, with many positive attributes such as synthetic maturity, long-term cycling stability and fast redox kinetics. Therefore, to address this research deficiency we report herein a layered potassium titanium niobate KTiNbO ₅ (KTNO) and its rGO nanocomposite (KTNO/rGO) synthesised via solvothermal methods as a high-performance anode for KIBs. Through effective distribution across the electrically conductive rGO, the electrochemical performance of the KTNO nanoparticles was enhanced. The potassium storage performance of the KTNO/rGO was demonstrated by its first charge capacity of 128.1 mAh g ⁻¹ and reversible capacity of 97.5 mAh g ⁻¹ after 500 cycles at 20 mA g ⁻¹, retaining 76.1% of the initial capacity, with an exceptional rate performance of 54.2 mAh g ⁻¹ at 1 A g ⁻¹. Furthermore, to investigate the attributes of KTNO in-situ XRD was performed, indicating a low-strain material. Ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectra further investigated the mechanism of charge storage, with the titanium showing greater redox reversibility than the niobium. This work suggests this low-strain nature is a highly advantageous property and well worth regarding KTNO as a promising anode for future high-performance KIBs.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].

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