Bacterial defense systems exhibit synergistic anti-phage activity
Bacterial defense systems exhibit synergistic anti-phage activity
Bacterial defense against phage predation involves diverse defense systems acting individually and concurrently, yet their interactions remain poorly understood. We investigated >100 defense systems in 42,925 bacterial genomes and identified numerous instances of their non-random co-occurrence and negative association. For several pairs of defense systems significantly co-occurring in Escherichia coli strains, we demonstrate synergistic anti-phage activity. Notably, Zorya II synergizes with Druantia III and ietAS defense systems, while tmn exhibits synergy with co-occurring systems Gabija, Septu I, and PrrC. For Gabija, tmn co-opts the sensory switch ATPase domain, enhancing anti-phage activity. Some defense system pairs that are negatively associated in E. coli show synergy and significantly co-occur in other taxa, demonstrating that bacterial immune repertoires are largely shaped by selection for resistance against host-specific phages rather than negative epistasis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate compatibility and synergy between defense systems, allowing bacteria to adopt flexible strategies for phage defense.
Druantia, Gabija, Kiwa, Septu, Zorya, co-occurrence, ietAS, phylogroups, prokaryotic immunity, tmn
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Wu, Yi
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Garushyants, Sofya K.
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van den Hurk, Anne
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Aparicio-Maldonado, Cristian
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Krishnakant Kushwaha, Simran
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King, Claire M.
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Ou, Yaqing
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Todeschini, Thomas C.
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Clokie, Martha R.J.
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Millard, Andrew D.
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Gençay, Yilmaz Emre
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Koonin, Eugene V.
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Nobrega, Franklin L.
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10 April 2024
Wu, Yi
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Garushyants, Sofya K.
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van den Hurk, Anne
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Aparicio-Maldonado, Cristian
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Krishnakant Kushwaha, Simran
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King, Claire M.
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Ou, Yaqing
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Todeschini, Thomas C.
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Clokie, Martha R.J.
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Millard, Andrew D.
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Gençay, Yilmaz Emre
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Koonin, Eugene V.
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Nobrega, Franklin L.
6532795d-88a4-4f05-9b26-6af5b8f21a0d
Wu, Yi, Garushyants, Sofya K., van den Hurk, Anne, Aparicio-Maldonado, Cristian, Krishnakant Kushwaha, Simran, King, Claire M., Ou, Yaqing, Todeschini, Thomas C., Clokie, Martha R.J., Millard, Andrew D., Gençay, Yilmaz Emre, Koonin, Eugene V. and Nobrega, Franklin L.
(2024)
Bacterial defense systems exhibit synergistic anti-phage activity.
Cell Host & Microbe, 32 (4), .
(doi:10.1016/j.chom.2024.01.015).
Abstract
Bacterial defense against phage predation involves diverse defense systems acting individually and concurrently, yet their interactions remain poorly understood. We investigated >100 defense systems in 42,925 bacterial genomes and identified numerous instances of their non-random co-occurrence and negative association. For several pairs of defense systems significantly co-occurring in Escherichia coli strains, we demonstrate synergistic anti-phage activity. Notably, Zorya II synergizes with Druantia III and ietAS defense systems, while tmn exhibits synergy with co-occurring systems Gabija, Septu I, and PrrC. For Gabija, tmn co-opts the sensory switch ATPase domain, enhancing anti-phage activity. Some defense system pairs that are negatively associated in E. coli show synergy and significantly co-occur in other taxa, demonstrating that bacterial immune repertoires are largely shaped by selection for resistance against host-specific phages rather than negative epistasis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate compatibility and synergy between defense systems, allowing bacteria to adopt flexible strategies for phage defense.
Text
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Accepted/In Press date: 30 January 2024
e-pub ahead of print date: 22 February 2024
Published date: 10 April 2024
Keywords:
Druantia, Gabija, Kiwa, Septu, Zorya, co-occurrence, ietAS, phylogroups, prokaryotic immunity, tmn
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 491528
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/491528
ISSN: 1931-3128
PURE UUID: 6eeeb924-47dc-4c12-b51d-2ded944bb092
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Date deposited: 25 Jun 2024 17:03
Last modified: 26 Jun 2024 02:02
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Contributors
Author:
Sofya K. Garushyants
Author:
Anne van den Hurk
Author:
Cristian Aparicio-Maldonado
Author:
Simran Krishnakant Kushwaha
Author:
Yaqing Ou
Author:
Martha R.J. Clokie
Author:
Andrew D. Millard
Author:
Yilmaz Emre Gençay
Author:
Eugene V. Koonin
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