Whether the weather influences pain? results from the EpiFunD study in North West England
Whether the weather influences pain? results from the EpiFunD study in North West England
Objective: to determine whether the report of pain is influenced by meteorological conditions.
Methods: a population-based study (Epidemiology of Functional Disorders) was conducted in North West England. Subjects were mailed a questionnaire that enquired about pain on the day of completion (‘any pain’) and chronic widespread pain (CWP) as defined by the ACR, as well as about the potential mediating factors, sleep quality, exercise and mood, between the weather and pain. Hourly information on sunshine, precipitation, air temperature and pressure was available from a local weather station. Analysis of relationships was done by Cox regression and described as prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs.
Results: between January 2005 and December 2006, questionnaires from 2491 subjects were returned: 42% of the subjects reported ‘any pain’ on the day of completion, whereas 15% of the subjects had CWP. For both ‘any pain’ and CWP, the PR was the highest in winter (46.1 and 22.2%, respectively) followed by autumn (45.4 and 17.9%, respectively) and spring (41.9 and 14.7%, respectively) and lowest in summer (35.6 and 9.5%, respectively). Persons were less likely to report pain on days with >5.8 h of sunshine (any pain: PR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82, 0.93; CWP: PR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.38, 0.84) and with average temperature of >17.5°C (any pain: PR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.66, 0.83; CWP: PR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.34, 0.48). These relationships were partly explained by persons reporting taking more exercise and having better sleep quality and a more positive mood on days with sunshine and higher temperatures.
Conclusions: although a strong relationship between lack of sunshine, lower temperatures and pain reporting has been demonstrated, pain is not an inevitable consequence of such climatic conditions.
1513–1520
Macfarlane, Tatiana V.
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McBeth, John
98012716-66ba-480b-9e43-ac53b51dce61
Jones, Gareth T.
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Nicholl, Barbara
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Macfarlane, Gary J.
e17bbdb7-9d82-42ac-8a0a-09bf10885e3c
August 2010
Macfarlane, Tatiana V.
09591463-94b4-4d64-aa13-db89c3f966c3
McBeth, John
98012716-66ba-480b-9e43-ac53b51dce61
Jones, Gareth T.
7a788468-9d43-4dad-9914-8d44dcbee1bb
Nicholl, Barbara
3922cf66-6e36-44d2-9d8b-1736123e0e53
Macfarlane, Gary J.
e17bbdb7-9d82-42ac-8a0a-09bf10885e3c
Macfarlane, Tatiana V., McBeth, John, Jones, Gareth T., Nicholl, Barbara and Macfarlane, Gary J.
(2010)
Whether the weather influences pain? results from the EpiFunD study in North West England.
Rheumatology, 49 (8), .
(doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keq099).
Abstract
Objective: to determine whether the report of pain is influenced by meteorological conditions.
Methods: a population-based study (Epidemiology of Functional Disorders) was conducted in North West England. Subjects were mailed a questionnaire that enquired about pain on the day of completion (‘any pain’) and chronic widespread pain (CWP) as defined by the ACR, as well as about the potential mediating factors, sleep quality, exercise and mood, between the weather and pain. Hourly information on sunshine, precipitation, air temperature and pressure was available from a local weather station. Analysis of relationships was done by Cox regression and described as prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs.
Results: between January 2005 and December 2006, questionnaires from 2491 subjects were returned: 42% of the subjects reported ‘any pain’ on the day of completion, whereas 15% of the subjects had CWP. For both ‘any pain’ and CWP, the PR was the highest in winter (46.1 and 22.2%, respectively) followed by autumn (45.4 and 17.9%, respectively) and spring (41.9 and 14.7%, respectively) and lowest in summer (35.6 and 9.5%, respectively). Persons were less likely to report pain on days with >5.8 h of sunshine (any pain: PR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82, 0.93; CWP: PR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.38, 0.84) and with average temperature of >17.5°C (any pain: PR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.66, 0.83; CWP: PR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.34, 0.48). These relationships were partly explained by persons reporting taking more exercise and having better sleep quality and a more positive mood on days with sunshine and higher temperatures.
Conclusions: although a strong relationship between lack of sunshine, lower temperatures and pain reporting has been demonstrated, pain is not an inevitable consequence of such climatic conditions.
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Accepted/In Press date: 4 March 2010
e-pub ahead of print date: 29 April 2010
Published date: August 2010
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 491596
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/491596
ISSN: 1462-0324
PURE UUID: 7e27ff75-9cb5-4da3-b98c-24d3a7ba6bb4
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Date deposited: 27 Jun 2024 16:46
Last modified: 28 Jun 2024 02:09
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Author:
Tatiana V. Macfarlane
Author:
John McBeth
Author:
Gareth T. Jones
Author:
Barbara Nicholl
Author:
Gary J. Macfarlane
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