Performance comparison between modular SPT and TAL type Hall thrusters operating on krypton

Abstract

In the pursuit of efficient and sustainable space propulsion, Hall effect thrusters have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in long-duration space missions. Traditionally xenon has been used as the propellant, however, these thrusters face a paradigm shift as the space market adjusts to the rising xenon prices, prompting a critical evaluation of alternative propellants. This study addresses the research gap surrounding Thrusters with Anode Layer (TAL) by the preliminary experimental characterisation of a medium-power (1.35 kW) TAL Hall thruster by examining its performance on krypton; as well as comparing it to an identical stationary plasma thruster also operating on krypton. This investigation aims to shed light the operational dynamics and geometric relationships between SPT and TAL type Hall thrusters. The experimental setup integrates direct thrust measurements via the use of an inverted pendulum thrust stand and measurements of the high frequency oscillations of the anode, cathode keeper, and cathode insert. The thruster, designed to be modular for dual operation in both SPT and TAL modes, maintaining identical geometry between both configurations. This work contributes directly to the literature gap on the understanding of TAL type thrusters, shedding light on their operational characteristics and performance. The insights gained will hopefully inform the design of high-power, high-thrust-density propulsion systems, enhancing the options for modern space exploration.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Thomas F. Munro-O'Brien: orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-3143

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