Large Language Models: Prediction, pollution and projection

Abstract

Technology stock prices have been volatile in recent months. There is a range of views about how and when major technology companies could recoup dividends from the very large investments they have made in Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs are generative AI models. They are trained on large volumes of textual data, including from the open internet, to generate credible new text in response to questions and other prompts. Other generative AI models do something similar with pictures, sound and video. LLMs started receiving increased attention and investment after OpenAI released ChatGPT to the public in late 2022. General users were able to play with it, and, importantly, use it immediately for their own purposes. Its capabilities were easy to appreciate. Print journalists (and authors of opinion pieces) acknowledged with horrified fascination the labour-saving and careerthreatening implications for them of a technology that creates a draft of an article in seconds.

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ORCID for Dame Wendy Hall: orcid.org/0000-0003-4327-7811

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