Association of longitudinal nutrient patterns with body composition in black middle-aged South African women: a five-year follow-up study
Association of longitudinal nutrient patterns with body composition in black middle-aged South African women: a five-year follow-up study
This study aimed to evaluate the association of longitudinal nutrient patterns with body composition in a cohort of 132 black South African middle-aged women over five years. Nutrient patterns were identified using principal component analysis at baseline and follow-up 5 years later. Associations between nutrient patterns and repeated body composition measures were evaluated using generalized estimating equations, before and after adjusting for baseline education and repeated measures of age, socio-economic status, physical activity and employment. The animal-driven nutrient pattern was associated with increases in repeated measures of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (β coefficient, 5.79 [95% CI, 0.01–11.57] cm2), fat mass index (FMI) (0.47 [0.01–0.93] kg·m−2) and lean mass index (LMI) (0.50 [0.18–1.17] kg·m−2) (p < 0.05) after adjustment. Vitamin C, sugar, and potassium-driven nutrient pattern was associated with higher FMI (0.50 [0.12–0.88] kg·m−2) and LMI (0.58 [0.07–1.10] kg·m−2) before and after adjustment (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary interventions to curb obesity in black middle-aged South African women should focus on attenuation of nutrient patterns centred on added sugar, animal fat and animal protein.
nutrient patterns, body composition, adiposity, African women
Makura-Kankwende, Caroline B.T.
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Gradidge, Philippe J.
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Crowther, Nigel J.
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Ratshikombo, Tshifhiwa
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Goedecke, Julia H.
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Micklesfield, Lisa K.
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Norris, Shane A.
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Chikowore, Tinashe
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6 October 2022
Makura-Kankwende, Caroline B.T.
2e6d7c13-48b2-4de1-8e98-2176515de4f7
Gradidge, Philippe J.
7ec901c8-218d-46bb-a3ba-c12ee175c4f7
Crowther, Nigel J.
ca4aa5ba-4f92-4c4d-9736-1dcf303dee40
Ratshikombo, Tshifhiwa
a814ae47-5594-44d2-90ec-a647d002676e
Goedecke, Julia H.
27db2aa1-04c2-44e8-9c0e-e9bbe98f2e25
Micklesfield, Lisa K.
e73dd95b-ce79-4dc4-b0be-a8935eb069c8
Norris, Shane A.
1d346f1b-6d5f-4bca-ac87-7589851b75a4
Chikowore, Tinashe
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Makura-Kankwende, Caroline B.T., Gradidge, Philippe J., Crowther, Nigel J., Ratshikombo, Tshifhiwa, Goedecke, Julia H., Micklesfield, Lisa K., Norris, Shane A. and Chikowore, Tinashe
(2022)
Association of longitudinal nutrient patterns with body composition in black middle-aged South African women: a five-year follow-up study.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (19), [12792].
(doi:10.3390/ijerph191912792).
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association of longitudinal nutrient patterns with body composition in a cohort of 132 black South African middle-aged women over five years. Nutrient patterns were identified using principal component analysis at baseline and follow-up 5 years later. Associations between nutrient patterns and repeated body composition measures were evaluated using generalized estimating equations, before and after adjusting for baseline education and repeated measures of age, socio-economic status, physical activity and employment. The animal-driven nutrient pattern was associated with increases in repeated measures of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (β coefficient, 5.79 [95% CI, 0.01–11.57] cm2), fat mass index (FMI) (0.47 [0.01–0.93] kg·m−2) and lean mass index (LMI) (0.50 [0.18–1.17] kg·m−2) (p < 0.05) after adjustment. Vitamin C, sugar, and potassium-driven nutrient pattern was associated with higher FMI (0.50 [0.12–0.88] kg·m−2) and LMI (0.58 [0.07–1.10] kg·m−2) before and after adjustment (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary interventions to curb obesity in black middle-aged South African women should focus on attenuation of nutrient patterns centred on added sugar, animal fat and animal protein.
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ijerph-19-12792-v2
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Submitted date: 29 August 2022
Accepted/In Press date: 27 September 2022
Published date: 6 October 2022
Keywords:
nutrient patterns, body composition, adiposity, African women
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Local EPrints ID: 496980
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/496980
ISSN: 1660-4601
PURE UUID: e4184c54-31eb-439c-93ae-962bd30cb5b9
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Date deposited: 09 Jan 2025 17:32
Last modified: 10 Jan 2025 03:05
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Author:
Caroline B.T. Makura-Kankwende
Author:
Philippe J. Gradidge
Author:
Nigel J. Crowther
Author:
Tshifhiwa Ratshikombo
Author:
Julia H. Goedecke
Author:
Lisa K. Micklesfield
Author:
Tinashe Chikowore
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