Theoretical model for the onset condition of a steady hydraulic jump
Theoretical model for the onset condition of a steady hydraulic jump
A hydraulic jump constitutes a transition from supercritical to subcritical flow. At the jump a roller forms, the water level suddenly increases, the flow velocity reduces, and power is dissipated. The type of hydraulic jump varies with the upstream Froude number. Experimental observations showed that for Froude numbers below F1 = 4.5 the jump is unstable and oscillatory, and from this value onwards it becomes steady. In this article, a novel theoretical model of the hydraulic jump is described which allows the transition point to be determined theoretically. The simple model assumes the power dissipation to occur through a counteracting moment at the roller. With an extended momentum balance approach, where the moments instead of the forces acting on the control volume are considered, the limit point is determined at F1 = 4.4. This correlates well with the experimentally derived value given in the literature of F1 = 4.5.
Education in hydraulic engineering, energy dissipation, hydraulic jump theory, hydraulic theory, open channel flow
278-282
Muller, Gerald
f1a988fc-3bde-429e-83e2-041e9792bfd9
2025
Muller, Gerald
f1a988fc-3bde-429e-83e2-041e9792bfd9
Muller, Gerald
(2025)
Theoretical model for the onset condition of a steady hydraulic jump.
Journal of Hydraulic Research, 63 (2), .
(doi:10.1080/00221686.2025.2468952).
Abstract
A hydraulic jump constitutes a transition from supercritical to subcritical flow. At the jump a roller forms, the water level suddenly increases, the flow velocity reduces, and power is dissipated. The type of hydraulic jump varies with the upstream Froude number. Experimental observations showed that for Froude numbers below F1 = 4.5 the jump is unstable and oscillatory, and from this value onwards it becomes steady. In this article, a novel theoretical model of the hydraulic jump is described which allows the transition point to be determined theoretically. The simple model assumes the power dissipation to occur through a counteracting moment at the roller. With an extended momentum balance approach, where the moments instead of the forces acting on the control volume are considered, the limit point is determined at F1 = 4.4. This correlates well with the experimentally derived value given in the literature of F1 = 4.5.
Text
Theoretical model for the onset condition of a steady hydraulic jump
- Version of Record
More information
Accepted/In Press date: 13 February 2025
e-pub ahead of print date: 28 March 2025
Published date: 2025
Keywords:
Education in hydraulic engineering, energy dissipation, hydraulic jump theory, hydraulic theory, open channel flow
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 500531
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/500531
ISSN: 0022-1686
PURE UUID: 1fa9877e-7042-43ed-8b96-f36ab3f38a39
Catalogue record
Date deposited: 02 May 2025 17:05
Last modified: 30 Aug 2025 01:41
Export record
Altmetrics
Download statistics
Downloads from ePrints over the past year. Other digital versions may also be available to download e.g. from the publisher's website.
View more statistics
