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Adulthood dietary and lifestyle patterns and risk of breast cancer: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review

Adulthood dietary and lifestyle patterns and risk of breast cancer: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review
Adulthood dietary and lifestyle patterns and risk of breast cancer: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review
Background
An increasing number of studies in recent years investigate various dietary and lifestyle patterns and associated breast cancer (BC) risk.
Objectives
This study aimed to comprehensively synthesize and grade the evidence on dietary and lifestyle patterns and BC risk.
Methods
Databases were systematically searched up to 31 March, 2022, for evidence from randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies on adherence to a dietary pattern alone or in combination with lifestyle behaviors and incidence of or mortality from primary BC in adult females. Findings in all, premenopausal, and postmenopausal females were descriptively synthesized instead of meta-analyzed due to patterns heterogeneity. An independent Global Cancer Update Programme Expert Panel graded the strength of the evidence.
Results
A total of 84 publications were included. Results for patterns reflecting both a healthy diet and lifestyle were more consistent than for patterns that included diet only. There was strong-probable evidence that a priori World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) and American Cancer Society (ACS) dietary and lifestyle scores may reduce BC risk in all and postmenopausal females, whereas in premenopausal females, less evidence was found contributing to limited-suggestive grade. There was also a limited-suggestive evidence that adherence to the Healthy Lifestyle Index and other diet and lifestyle scores may reduce BC risk in postmenopausal females; a posteriori Western/Meat/Alcohol dietary patterns may increase BC risk in postmenopausal females; and Prudent/Vegetarian/Mediterranean dietary patterns may reduce BC risk in all females. For the remaining patterns, evidence was graded as limited-no conclusions.
Conclusions
Advice to adopt combined aspects of a healthy diet and lifestyle according to WCRF/AICR and ACS scores, encouraging a healthy weight, physical activity, alcohol and smoking avoidance, and a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, (whole)grains and cereals and discouraging red and processed meat, can be proposed to females to lower BC risk.

Adult, Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control, Diet, Diet, Healthy, Exercise, Female, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Postmenopause, Risk Factors
0002-9165
14-31
Konieczna, Jadwiga
2f3550c3-6485-4f1b-8bf8-4045209e84dc
Chaplin, Alice
08c266f8-39a1-487b-b099-194e64831fe9
Paz-Graniel, Indira
a5fdb8e0-2018-4fcb-a671-6debbfb606f0
Croker, Helen
8bcca9b8-d062-409b-9dea-2447c300d9fa
Becerra-Tomás, Nerea
398d60e6-2c3f-4132-8c7f-c401dca8678d
Markozannes, Georgios
f5969b76-c7b7-4cc9-95ba-dfd71fff149d
Tsilidis, Konstantinos K
a33e82cc-5321-41d1-8bc3-1532c3bdeb2f
Dossus, Laure
cdada85e-e40c-4bc8-93b4-6a75ee818052
Gonzalez-Gil, Esther M
7e001269-b0ea-4c7f-b5a6-4e743e8767f0
Park, Yikyung
55b6a112-56dc-49dc-829a-021b7c41a827
Krebs, John
9bff312b-8bf3-4516-b9c0-2c63c990602a
Weijenberg, Matty P
c8664511-d494-48d0-93c0-615a1f674612
Baskin, Monica L
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Copson, Ellen
a94cdbd6-f6e2-429d-a7c0-462c7da0e92b
Lewis, Sarah J
aebbef15-0b98-4eef-8adf-79a410a4ed08
Seidell, Jacob C
225e9ab2-3ac2-4c6b-8ffd-8a13907ba63a
Chowdhury, Rajiv
00ae5839-7684-4252-bc98-951b693b1a56
Hill, Lynette
228c3032-beed-4afe-949a-aec75cb69fce
Chan, Doris Sm
c341aefd-94bd-4428-a913-c6ccb454c71a
Romaguera, Dora
16545b88-8e6a-4904-ac7d-8c9dbf8f7f86
Konieczna, Jadwiga
2f3550c3-6485-4f1b-8bf8-4045209e84dc
Chaplin, Alice
08c266f8-39a1-487b-b099-194e64831fe9
Paz-Graniel, Indira
a5fdb8e0-2018-4fcb-a671-6debbfb606f0
Croker, Helen
8bcca9b8-d062-409b-9dea-2447c300d9fa
Becerra-Tomás, Nerea
398d60e6-2c3f-4132-8c7f-c401dca8678d
Markozannes, Georgios
f5969b76-c7b7-4cc9-95ba-dfd71fff149d
Tsilidis, Konstantinos K
a33e82cc-5321-41d1-8bc3-1532c3bdeb2f
Dossus, Laure
cdada85e-e40c-4bc8-93b4-6a75ee818052
Gonzalez-Gil, Esther M
7e001269-b0ea-4c7f-b5a6-4e743e8767f0
Park, Yikyung
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Krebs, John
9bff312b-8bf3-4516-b9c0-2c63c990602a
Weijenberg, Matty P
c8664511-d494-48d0-93c0-615a1f674612
Baskin, Monica L
2d2e5968-5b71-4351-9464-87e068c3425d
Copson, Ellen
a94cdbd6-f6e2-429d-a7c0-462c7da0e92b
Lewis, Sarah J
aebbef15-0b98-4eef-8adf-79a410a4ed08
Seidell, Jacob C
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Chowdhury, Rajiv
00ae5839-7684-4252-bc98-951b693b1a56
Hill, Lynette
228c3032-beed-4afe-949a-aec75cb69fce
Chan, Doris Sm
c341aefd-94bd-4428-a913-c6ccb454c71a
Romaguera, Dora
16545b88-8e6a-4904-ac7d-8c9dbf8f7f86

Konieczna, Jadwiga, Chaplin, Alice, Paz-Graniel, Indira, Croker, Helen, Becerra-Tomás, Nerea, Markozannes, Georgios, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Dossus, Laure, Gonzalez-Gil, Esther M, Park, Yikyung, Krebs, John, Weijenberg, Matty P, Baskin, Monica L, Copson, Ellen, Lewis, Sarah J, Seidell, Jacob C, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Hill, Lynette, Chan, Doris Sm and Romaguera, Dora (2025) Adulthood dietary and lifestyle patterns and risk of breast cancer: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 121 (1), 14-31. (doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.10.003).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background
An increasing number of studies in recent years investigate various dietary and lifestyle patterns and associated breast cancer (BC) risk.
Objectives
This study aimed to comprehensively synthesize and grade the evidence on dietary and lifestyle patterns and BC risk.
Methods
Databases were systematically searched up to 31 March, 2022, for evidence from randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies on adherence to a dietary pattern alone or in combination with lifestyle behaviors and incidence of or mortality from primary BC in adult females. Findings in all, premenopausal, and postmenopausal females were descriptively synthesized instead of meta-analyzed due to patterns heterogeneity. An independent Global Cancer Update Programme Expert Panel graded the strength of the evidence.
Results
A total of 84 publications were included. Results for patterns reflecting both a healthy diet and lifestyle were more consistent than for patterns that included diet only. There was strong-probable evidence that a priori World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) and American Cancer Society (ACS) dietary and lifestyle scores may reduce BC risk in all and postmenopausal females, whereas in premenopausal females, less evidence was found contributing to limited-suggestive grade. There was also a limited-suggestive evidence that adherence to the Healthy Lifestyle Index and other diet and lifestyle scores may reduce BC risk in postmenopausal females; a posteriori Western/Meat/Alcohol dietary patterns may increase BC risk in postmenopausal females; and Prudent/Vegetarian/Mediterranean dietary patterns may reduce BC risk in all females. For the remaining patterns, evidence was graded as limited-no conclusions.
Conclusions
Advice to adopt combined aspects of a healthy diet and lifestyle according to WCRF/AICR and ACS scores, encouraging a healthy weight, physical activity, alcohol and smoking avoidance, and a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, (whole)grains and cereals and discouraging red and processed meat, can be proposed to females to lower BC risk.

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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 4 October 2024
Published date: 2 January 2025
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © 2024
Keywords: Adult, Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control, Diet, Diet, Healthy, Exercise, Female, Humans, Life Style, Middle Aged, Postmenopause, Risk Factors

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 501888
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/501888
DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.10.003
ISSN: 0002-9165
PURE UUID: 6ed6dbd1-2e34-46dd-a9bd-e1a3095e0a51

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 11 Jun 2025 18:16
Last modified: 11 Jun 2025 18:19

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Contributors

Author: Jadwiga Konieczna
Author: Alice Chaplin
Author: Indira Paz-Graniel
Author: Helen Croker
Author: Nerea Becerra-Tomás
Author: Georgios Markozannes
Author: Konstantinos K Tsilidis
Author: Laure Dossus
Author: Esther M Gonzalez-Gil
Author: Yikyung Park
Author: John Krebs
Author: Matty P Weijenberg
Author: Monica L Baskin
Author: Ellen Copson
Author: Sarah J Lewis
Author: Jacob C Seidell
Author: Rajiv Chowdhury
Author: Lynette Hill
Author: Doris Sm Chan
Author: Dora Romaguera

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