Response of stainless steel beam-to-column bolted connections under column removal

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive numerical investigation comparing the performance of stainless steel and carbon steel beam-to-column connections under static and dynamic column removal scenarios, aiming to assess the potential of stainless steel to enhance structural robustness through increased connection strength and ductility. Validated finite element models of two connection types, web angle (WA) and top and seat with web angle connections (TSWAC), were used to assess connection performance under static and dynamic column removal scenarios, considering variations in angle cleat thickness, bolt material, and boundary conditions. The results show that adopting stainless steel in key connection components significantly enhances both the strength and ductility of the connection, thereby improving the overall structural robustness. The maximum bending moment increased by a factor of 1.3 to 2, while the maximum loading capacity under column removal scenario improved by 1.5 to 2 times. In dynamic scenarios, stainless steel connections exhibited lower peak displacements (~20%) and improved energy absorption, with dynamic increase factors may exceeding code-recommended values. These finding evidence the potential of targeted stainless steel use to enhance resistance against progressive collapse, with a minor and relatively inexpensive structural intervention.

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ORCID for Sheida Afshan: orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-2931

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