Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their diverse biomedical applications
Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their diverse biomedical applications
Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and media composition, influence nanoparticle size, shape, and functionality. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial synthesis for its eco-friendly and scalable nature. The mechanisms of AgNP formation and their structural impact on biomedical performance are discussed. Key applications are examined including antimicrobial therapies, cancer treatment, drug delivery, and theranostics. Finally, the review addresses current challenges, such as reproducibility, scalability, morphological control, and biosafety, and outlines future directions for engineering AgNPs with tailored properties, paving the way for sustainable and effective next-generation biomedical solutions.
biogenic synthesis, biomedical applications, mechanisms of biogenic synthesis, nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles
Jiang, Xiaokun
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Khan, Shamma
82bac11b-e18a-45b2-a5cf-374759c74a52
Dykes, Adam
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Stulz, Eugen
9a6c04cf-32ca-442b-9281-bbf3d23c622d
Zhang, Xunli
d7cf1181-3276-4da1-9150-e212b333abb1
24 July 2025
Jiang, Xiaokun
d6e3163c-5ba8-457b-9dda-7601962beb91
Khan, Shamma
82bac11b-e18a-45b2-a5cf-374759c74a52
Dykes, Adam
194084e4-13ee-46ff-b48d-19a7f6f3dccb
Stulz, Eugen
9a6c04cf-32ca-442b-9281-bbf3d23c622d
Zhang, Xunli
d7cf1181-3276-4da1-9150-e212b333abb1
Jiang, Xiaokun, Khan, Shamma, Dykes, Adam, Stulz, Eugen and Zhang, Xunli
(2025)
Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their diverse biomedical applications.
Molecules, 30 (15), [3104].
(doi:10.3390/molecules30153104).
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, and media composition, influence nanoparticle size, shape, and functionality. Particular emphasis is placed on microbial synthesis for its eco-friendly and scalable nature. The mechanisms of AgNP formation and their structural impact on biomedical performance are discussed. Key applications are examined including antimicrobial therapies, cancer treatment, drug delivery, and theranostics. Finally, the review addresses current challenges, such as reproducibility, scalability, morphological control, and biosafety, and outlines future directions for engineering AgNPs with tailored properties, paving the way for sustainable and effective next-generation biomedical solutions.
Text
molecules-30-03104
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Accepted/In Press date: 22 July 2025
Published date: 24 July 2025
Keywords:
biogenic synthesis, biomedical applications, mechanisms of biogenic synthesis, nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 504989
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/504989
ISSN: 1420-3049
PURE UUID: cdea34a4-71cb-45e2-bf54-5ddbba5a113b
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Date deposited: 23 Sep 2025 17:05
Last modified: 24 Sep 2025 01:43
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Author:
Xiaokun Jiang
Author:
Shamma Khan
Author:
Adam Dykes
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