Nutritional characterisation of childhood chronic kidney disease: trace element malnutrition in paediatric renal disease (TeMPeReD) study

Abstract

Background/objectives: in chronic kidney disease (CKD), poor nutrition is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. There are limited data on milder stages of childhood CKD. Methods: This study characterised the nutritional state of a cohort of children with CKD.

Results: within the cohort (mean age 10.5 years, mean eGFR = 57 mL/min/1.73 m2), obesity defined by body mass index rates was comparable to that in the general population, but central obesity (waist-to-height ratio > 0.5) was evident in 44% of children. Although average nutrient intakes for the cohort were acceptable, there was marked variability in the risk of poor nutrient intake (<LRNI): selenium (35%), magnesium (35%), iodine (30%), and zinc (30%). No child met the recommended dietary fibre intake. The prevalence of frank deficiency of vitamins and minerals in blood concentrations was low. Blood concentrations of vitamins A and E were near-universally elevated. In those who had a decline in kidney function at the 12-month follow-up, dietary intake of fibre correlated with the degree of decline.

Conclusions: much work is needed to optimise the nutritional status of children with CKD as an important modifiable risk factor for disease progression and other important outcomes.

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Identifiers

ORCID for Rodney Gilbert: orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-0188

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