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The words that keep people apart: official language and accountability

The words that keep people apart: official language and accountability
The words that keep people apart: official language and accountability
This paper examines how the distance between a country’s official language and the languages spoken by its citizens influences accountability. Two arguments support this relationship: first, the role of language as a tool for communication between elites and citizens; and second, its role in shaping cultural patterns that
underpin social interactions. Using a dataset of 147 countries, we reveal a consistent negative correlation between linguistic distance and levels of accountability across all measures. Higher educational attainment can mitigate the negative impact of a foreign official language on accountability.
Accountability, education, language policy
1744-1374
Foresta, Alessandra
aaf8f667-e9bb-410d-bedc-da9bd6fff3bc
Baronchelli, Adelaide
d9e73afc-64af-4e87-8c73-5ad061eb0f31
Ricciuti, Roberto
69e0177a-c8f3-4b4a-b2a5-0341cd04641c
Foresta, Alessandra
aaf8f667-e9bb-410d-bedc-da9bd6fff3bc
Baronchelli, Adelaide
d9e73afc-64af-4e87-8c73-5ad061eb0f31
Ricciuti, Roberto
69e0177a-c8f3-4b4a-b2a5-0341cd04641c

Foresta, Alessandra, Baronchelli, Adelaide and Ricciuti, Roberto (2025) The words that keep people apart: official language and accountability. Journal of Institutional Economics, 21, [e35]. (doi:10.1017/S1744137425100209).

Record type: Article

Abstract

This paper examines how the distance between a country’s official language and the languages spoken by its citizens influences accountability. Two arguments support this relationship: first, the role of language as a tool for communication between elites and citizens; and second, its role in shaping cultural patterns that
underpin social interactions. Using a dataset of 147 countries, we reveal a consistent negative correlation between linguistic distance and levels of accountability across all measures. Higher educational attainment can mitigate the negative impact of a foreign official language on accountability.

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Accepted/In Press date: 4 August 2025
e-pub ahead of print date: 1 October 2025
Keywords: Accountability, education, language policy

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 505967
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/505967
ISSN: 1744-1374
PURE UUID: 02468995-ebc2-47b9-96e5-d5502d81e6e9
ORCID for Alessandra Foresta: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5555-2791

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Date deposited: 24 Oct 2025 16:42
Last modified: 25 Oct 2025 02:14

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Contributors

Author: Alessandra Foresta ORCID iD
Author: Adelaide Baronchelli
Author: Roberto Ricciuti

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