How passenger perceptions of London underground & mainline train doors can lead to trap & drag incidents
How passenger perceptions of London underground & mainline train doors can lead to trap & drag incidents
A trap and drag incident happens on passenger services when someone gets part of their body or their belongings trapped in closing train doors, and is dragged along the platform when the train departs, which can result in fatal consequences. Many passengers are unaware of the risk of trap and drag incidents and so their actions can be a causal factor. This study was conducted to understand the risks at the platform train interface and whether passenger’s mental models of door operations are a contributing factor. In-person and online surveys were carried out and investigation reports on trap and drag accidents were analysed. The study found that participants expect the train doors to work similarly to lift (elevator) doors, which reopen if obstructed. It showed that passenger’s mental models of train doors are incomplete and inconsistent causing passengers to take risks which lead to trap and drag incidents.
Trap and drag, mental models, passenger behaviour, platform train interface, train doors
Bayliss, Jasmine
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Waterson, Patrick
b953a5c0-38c3-474f-bd58-cc868ec05918
Young, Mark
3f79589e-2000-4cb0-832a-6eba54f50130
Bayliss, Jasmine
1738a860-2cd7-4596-ba93-06e2c49fccfc
Waterson, Patrick
b953a5c0-38c3-474f-bd58-cc868ec05918
Young, Mark
3f79589e-2000-4cb0-832a-6eba54f50130
Bayliss, Jasmine, Waterson, Patrick and Young, Mark
(2025)
How passenger perceptions of London underground & mainline train doors can lead to trap & drag incidents.
Ergonomics.
(doi:10.1080/00140139.2025.2468498).
Abstract
A trap and drag incident happens on passenger services when someone gets part of their body or their belongings trapped in closing train doors, and is dragged along the platform when the train departs, which can result in fatal consequences. Many passengers are unaware of the risk of trap and drag incidents and so their actions can be a causal factor. This study was conducted to understand the risks at the platform train interface and whether passenger’s mental models of door operations are a contributing factor. In-person and online surveys were carried out and investigation reports on trap and drag accidents were analysed. The study found that participants expect the train doors to work similarly to lift (elevator) doors, which reopen if obstructed. It showed that passenger’s mental models of train doors are incomplete and inconsistent causing passengers to take risks which lead to trap and drag incidents.
Text
2025 Bayliss et al trap & drag incidents Ergonomics (author accepted manuscript)
- Accepted Manuscript
Restricted to Repository staff only until 21 February 2026.
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More information
Accepted/In Press date: 12 February 2025
e-pub ahead of print date: 21 February 2025
Keywords:
Trap and drag, mental models, passenger behaviour, platform train interface, train doors
Identifiers
Local EPrints ID: 508806
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/508806
ISSN: 1366-5847
PURE UUID: b6095e5c-3a46-4bca-b113-1822a4aca4e2
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Date deposited: 04 Feb 2026 17:31
Last modified: 05 Feb 2026 03:07
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Contributors
Author:
Jasmine Bayliss
Author:
Patrick Waterson
Author:
Mark Young
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