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Parametric nonlinear Volterra series via machine learning: transonic aerodynamics

Parametric nonlinear Volterra series via machine learning: transonic aerodynamics
Parametric nonlinear Volterra series via machine learning: transonic aerodynamics
This study introduces an approach for modeling unsteady transonic aerodynamics within a parametric space using the Volterra series to capture aerodynamic responses and machine learning to enable interpolation. The first- and second-order Volterra kernels were derived from indicial aerodynamic responses obtained through computational fluid dynamics, with the second-order kernel calculated as a correction to the dominant linear response. Machine learning algorithms, specifically artificial neural network and Gaussian process regression, were used to interpolate kernel coefficients within a parameter space defined by the Mach number and angle of attack. The methodology was applied to two- and three-dimensional test cases in the transonic regime. The results underscore the benefit of including a second-order kernel to address strong nonlinearity and demonstrate the effectiveness of neural networks. The approach achieved a level of accuracy that appeared sufficient for use in conceptual design.
0021-8669
1467-1812
Immordino, Gabriele
ed9626cc-aa2b-40be-b376-0868967e5e65
Da Ronch, Andrea
a2f36b97-b881-44e9-8a78-dd76fdf82f1a
Righi, Marcello
1e57534d-4519-4a93-94d6-b4f27558093b
Immordino, Gabriele
ed9626cc-aa2b-40be-b376-0868967e5e65
Da Ronch, Andrea
a2f36b97-b881-44e9-8a78-dd76fdf82f1a
Righi, Marcello
1e57534d-4519-4a93-94d6-b4f27558093b

Immordino, Gabriele, Da Ronch, Andrea and Righi, Marcello (2025) Parametric nonlinear Volterra series via machine learning: transonic aerodynamics. Journal of Aircraft, 62 (6), 1467-1812. (doi:10.2514/1.C038288).

Record type: Article

Abstract

This study introduces an approach for modeling unsteady transonic aerodynamics within a parametric space using the Volterra series to capture aerodynamic responses and machine learning to enable interpolation. The first- and second-order Volterra kernels were derived from indicial aerodynamic responses obtained through computational fluid dynamics, with the second-order kernel calculated as a correction to the dominant linear response. Machine learning algorithms, specifically artificial neural network and Gaussian process regression, were used to interpolate kernel coefficients within a parameter space defined by the Mach number and angle of attack. The methodology was applied to two- and three-dimensional test cases in the transonic regime. The results underscore the benefit of including a second-order kernel to address strong nonlinearity and demonstrate the effectiveness of neural networks. The approach achieved a level of accuracy that appeared sufficient for use in conceptual design.

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Accepted/In Press date: 10 March 2025
e-pub ahead of print date: 15 May 2025

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 509159
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/509159
ISSN: 0021-8669
PURE UUID: a6d44290-85e1-4324-a5c0-67e00db70bde
ORCID for Gabriele Immordino: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-0120
ORCID for Andrea Da Ronch: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-7428-6935

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Date deposited: 11 Feb 2026 18:07
Last modified: 12 Feb 2026 03:07

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Contributors

Author: Gabriele Immordino ORCID iD
Author: Andrea Da Ronch ORCID iD
Author: Marcello Righi

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