The effects of family socioeconomic status on psychological and neural mechanisms as well as their sex differences
The effects of family socioeconomic status on psychological and neural mechanisms as well as their sex differences
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is an important factor that affects an individual’s neural and cognitive development. The two novel aims of this study were to reveal (a) the effects of family SES on mean diffusivity (MD) using diffusion tensor imaging given the characteristic property of MD to reflect neural plasticity and development and (b) the sex differences in SES effects. In a study cohort of 1,216 normal young adults, we failed to find significant main effects of family SES on MD; however, previously observed main effects of family SES on regional gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) were partly replicated. We found a significant effect of the interaction between sex and family income on MD in the thalamus as well as significant effects of the interaction between sex and parents’ educational qualification (year’s of education) on MD and FA in the body of the corpus callosum as well as white matter areas between the anterior cingulate cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex. These results suggest the sex-specific associations of family SES with neural and/or cognitive mechanisms particularly in neural tissues in brain areas that play key roles in basic information processing and higher-order cognitive processes in a way females with greater family SES level show imaging outcome measures that have been associated with more neural tissues (such as greater FA and lower MD) and males showed opposite.
diffusion tensor imaging, family income, family social economic status, parents’ highest educational qualification, sex difference, voxel-based morphometry
Takeuchi, Hikaru
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Taki, Yasuyuki
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Nouchi, Rui
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Yokoyama, Ryoishi
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Kotozaki, Yuka
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Nakagawa, Seishu
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Sekiguchi, Atsushi
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Iizuka, Kunio
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Yamamoto, Yuki
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Hanawa, Sugiko
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Araki, Tsuyoshi
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Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto
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Sakaki, Kohei
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Nozawa, Takayuki
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Ikeda, Shigeyuki
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Yokota, Susumu
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Magistro, Daniele
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Sassa, Yuko
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Kawashima, Ryuta
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18 January 2019
Takeuchi, Hikaru
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Taki, Yasuyuki
ff2344b0-099c-453d-9000-ec2084740990
Nouchi, Rui
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Yokoyama, Ryoishi
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Kotozaki, Yuka
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Nakagawa, Seishu
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Sekiguchi, Atsushi
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Iizuka, Kunio
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Yamamoto, Yuki
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Hanawa, Sugiko
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Araki, Tsuyoshi
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Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto
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Sakaki, Kohei
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Nozawa, Takayuki
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Ikeda, Shigeyuki
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Yokota, Susumu
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Magistro, Daniele
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Sassa, Yuko
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Kawashima, Ryuta
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Takeuchi, Hikaru, Taki, Yasuyuki, Nouchi, Rui, Yokoyama, Ryoishi, Kotozaki, Yuka, Nakagawa, Seishu, Sekiguchi, Atsushi, Iizuka, Kunio, Yamamoto, Yuki, Hanawa, Sugiko, Araki, Tsuyoshi, Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto, Sakaki, Kohei, Nozawa, Takayuki, Ikeda, Shigeyuki, Yokota, Susumu, Magistro, Daniele, Sassa, Yuko and Kawashima, Ryuta
(2019)
The effects of family socioeconomic status on psychological and neural mechanisms as well as their sex differences.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, [543].
(doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00543).
Abstract
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is an important factor that affects an individual’s neural and cognitive development. The two novel aims of this study were to reveal (a) the effects of family SES on mean diffusivity (MD) using diffusion tensor imaging given the characteristic property of MD to reflect neural plasticity and development and (b) the sex differences in SES effects. In a study cohort of 1,216 normal young adults, we failed to find significant main effects of family SES on MD; however, previously observed main effects of family SES on regional gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy (FA) were partly replicated. We found a significant effect of the interaction between sex and family income on MD in the thalamus as well as significant effects of the interaction between sex and parents’ educational qualification (year’s of education) on MD and FA in the body of the corpus callosum as well as white matter areas between the anterior cingulate cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex. These results suggest the sex-specific associations of family SES with neural and/or cognitive mechanisms particularly in neural tissues in brain areas that play key roles in basic information processing and higher-order cognitive processes in a way females with greater family SES level show imaging outcome measures that have been associated with more neural tissues (such as greater FA and lower MD) and males showed opposite.
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Published date: 18 January 2019
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Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2019 Takeuchi, Taki, Nouchi, Yokoyama, Kotozaki, Nakagawa, Sekiguchi, Iizuka, Yamamoto, Hanawa, Araki, Miyauchi, Sakaki, Nozawa, Ikeda, Yokota, Magistro, Sassa and Kawashima.
Keywords:
diffusion tensor imaging, family income, family social economic status, parents’ highest educational qualification, sex difference, voxel-based morphometry
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Local EPrints ID: 510883
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/510883
ISSN: 1662-5161
PURE UUID: 4207c2e5-68dc-46de-8a5a-6f1cf7feeee4
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Date deposited: 23 Apr 2026 16:54
Last modified: 24 Apr 2026 02:20
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Contributors
Author:
Hikaru Takeuchi
Author:
Yasuyuki Taki
Author:
Rui Nouchi
Author:
Ryoishi Yokoyama
Author:
Yuka Kotozaki
Author:
Seishu Nakagawa
Author:
Atsushi Sekiguchi
Author:
Kunio Iizuka
Author:
Yuki Yamamoto
Author:
Sugiko Hanawa
Author:
Tsuyoshi Araki
Author:
Carlos Makoto Miyauchi
Author:
Kohei Sakaki
Author:
Takayuki Nozawa
Author:
Shigeyuki Ikeda
Author:
Susumu Yokota
Author:
Daniele Magistro
Author:
Yuko Sassa
Author:
Ryuta Kawashima
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