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Cyclooctadepsipeptides - an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting a novel mode of action

Cyclooctadepsipeptides - an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting a novel mode of action
Cyclooctadepsipeptides - an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting a novel mode of action
There are three major classes of anthelmintics for veterinary use: the benzimidazoles/prebenzimidazoles, the tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles, and the macrocyclic lactones. In nematodes, there are five targets for the existing anthelmintics: the nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor which is the target of tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles and indirectly that of the acetylcholineesterase inhibitors; the GABA receptor which is the target of piperazine, the glutamate-gated chloride channel as the target of the macrocyclic lactones, and ß-tubulin as the target of prebenzimidazoles/benzimidazoles. All these anthelmintics are now in serious danger because of the worldwide spread of resistant nematodes in sheep, cattle, horses and pigs. The class of cyclooctadepsipeptides has entered the scene of anthelmintic research in the early 1990s. PF1022A, the first anthelmintically active member, is a natural compound from the fungus Mycelia sterilia that belongs to the microflora of the leaves of the Camellia japonica. PF1022A contains 4 N-Methyl-Image -leucines, 2 Image -lactic acids and 2-Image -phenyllactic acids arranged as a cyclic octadepsipeptide with an alternating Image -Image -Image -configuration. Emodepside is a semisynthetic derivative of PF1022A with a morpholine ring at each of the two Image -phenyllactic acids in para position. The anthelmintic activity is directed against gastrointestinal nematodes in chicken, mice, rats, meriones, dogs, cats, sheep, cattle and horses. Moreover, emodepside is active against Trichinella spiralis larvae in muscles, microfilariae and preadult filariae and Dictyocaulus viviparus. PF1022A and emodepside are fully effective against benzimidazole-, levamisole or ivermectin-resistant nematodes in sheep and cattle. In Ascaris suum both cyclooctadepsipeptides lead to paralysis indicating a neuropharmacological action of these compounds. Using a PF1022A-ligand immunoscreening of a cDNA library from Haemonchus contortus a cDNA clone of 3569 base pairs could be identified. This clone codes for a novel 110 kDa heptahelical transmembrane receptor, named HC110R. Database- and phylogenetic analysis reveals that this receptor is a homolog to B0457.1 from Caenorhabditis elegans and has significant similarity to latrophilins from human, cattle and rat. HC110R is located in the plasma membrane and in lysosomes and endosomes. ?-Latrotoxin, the poison of the black widow spider, binds at a 54 kDa aminoterminal fragment of HC110R. After binding a Ca2+-influx into HEK293 cells is induced which can be blocked by EGTA, Cd2+ or nifedipin. PF1022A or emodepside also bind to this 54 kDa aminoterminal region of HC110R and interact with the functional responses of ?-latrotoxin. In C. elegans antibodies against the C-or N-terminus of HC110R bind to the B0457.1 protein located in the pharynx. Electrophysiological studies reveal that emodepside inhibits pharyngeal pumping of the nematodes in a concentration dependent way with an IC50 value of about 4 nM. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that emodepside exerts its action on nematodes via a latrophilin-like receptor which might have an important regulatory function on pharyngeal pumping.
cyclooctadepsipeptide, emodepside, PF1022A, mode of action, latrophilin, calcium activated potassium channel, haemonchus contortus, caenorhabditis elegans, ascaris suum
0924-8579
318-331
Harder, A.
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Schmitt-Wrede, H.P.
48988fdb-c25f-4421-b0c6-f3964f3db891
Krucken, J.
417db125-4da6-4fb5-9e50-18530c60f410
Marinovski, P.
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Wunderlich, F.
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Willson, J.
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Amliwala, K.
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Holden-Dye, L.
8032bf60-5db6-40cb-b71c-ddda9d212c8e
Walker, R.
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Harder, A.
0cf8ea99-09fd-416c-ab07-4c7f4d63d44c
Schmitt-Wrede, H.P.
48988fdb-c25f-4421-b0c6-f3964f3db891
Krucken, J.
417db125-4da6-4fb5-9e50-18530c60f410
Marinovski, P.
e94892e1-8f24-4668-be38-9addc6382995
Wunderlich, F.
403a3900-810d-42cd-be72-479f39af29bd
Willson, J.
3fe4cbeb-fd6f-4e81-af4f-3b753e358e5c
Amliwala, K.
e71463eb-6480-4395-8e2a-57a005809be8
Holden-Dye, L.
8032bf60-5db6-40cb-b71c-ddda9d212c8e
Walker, R.
9d156374-298d-439d-a6c5-68b734a92f54

Harder, A., Schmitt-Wrede, H.P., Krucken, J., Marinovski, P., Wunderlich, F., Willson, J., Amliwala, K., Holden-Dye, L. and Walker, R. (2003) Cyclooctadepsipeptides - an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting a novel mode of action. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 22 (3), 318-331. (doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(03)00219-X).

Record type: Article

Abstract

There are three major classes of anthelmintics for veterinary use: the benzimidazoles/prebenzimidazoles, the tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles, and the macrocyclic lactones. In nematodes, there are five targets for the existing anthelmintics: the nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor which is the target of tetrahydropyrimidines/imidazothiazoles and indirectly that of the acetylcholineesterase inhibitors; the GABA receptor which is the target of piperazine, the glutamate-gated chloride channel as the target of the macrocyclic lactones, and ß-tubulin as the target of prebenzimidazoles/benzimidazoles. All these anthelmintics are now in serious danger because of the worldwide spread of resistant nematodes in sheep, cattle, horses and pigs. The class of cyclooctadepsipeptides has entered the scene of anthelmintic research in the early 1990s. PF1022A, the first anthelmintically active member, is a natural compound from the fungus Mycelia sterilia that belongs to the microflora of the leaves of the Camellia japonica. PF1022A contains 4 N-Methyl-Image -leucines, 2 Image -lactic acids and 2-Image -phenyllactic acids arranged as a cyclic octadepsipeptide with an alternating Image -Image -Image -configuration. Emodepside is a semisynthetic derivative of PF1022A with a morpholine ring at each of the two Image -phenyllactic acids in para position. The anthelmintic activity is directed against gastrointestinal nematodes in chicken, mice, rats, meriones, dogs, cats, sheep, cattle and horses. Moreover, emodepside is active against Trichinella spiralis larvae in muscles, microfilariae and preadult filariae and Dictyocaulus viviparus. PF1022A and emodepside are fully effective against benzimidazole-, levamisole or ivermectin-resistant nematodes in sheep and cattle. In Ascaris suum both cyclooctadepsipeptides lead to paralysis indicating a neuropharmacological action of these compounds. Using a PF1022A-ligand immunoscreening of a cDNA library from Haemonchus contortus a cDNA clone of 3569 base pairs could be identified. This clone codes for a novel 110 kDa heptahelical transmembrane receptor, named HC110R. Database- and phylogenetic analysis reveals that this receptor is a homolog to B0457.1 from Caenorhabditis elegans and has significant similarity to latrophilins from human, cattle and rat. HC110R is located in the plasma membrane and in lysosomes and endosomes. ?-Latrotoxin, the poison of the black widow spider, binds at a 54 kDa aminoterminal fragment of HC110R. After binding a Ca2+-influx into HEK293 cells is induced which can be blocked by EGTA, Cd2+ or nifedipin. PF1022A or emodepside also bind to this 54 kDa aminoterminal region of HC110R and interact with the functional responses of ?-latrotoxin. In C. elegans antibodies against the C-or N-terminus of HC110R bind to the B0457.1 protein located in the pharynx. Electrophysiological studies reveal that emodepside inhibits pharyngeal pumping of the nematodes in a concentration dependent way with an IC50 value of about 4 nM. Thus, it is tempting to speculate that emodepside exerts its action on nematodes via a latrophilin-like receptor which might have an important regulatory function on pharyngeal pumping.

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More information

Published date: September 2003
Keywords: cyclooctadepsipeptide, emodepside, PF1022A, mode of action, latrophilin, calcium activated potassium channel, haemonchus contortus, caenorhabditis elegans, ascaris suum

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 56380
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/56380
ISSN: 0924-8579
PURE UUID: b66f848d-3078-43aa-9f61-47733edf40cb
ORCID for L. Holden-Dye: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-9704-1217

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 08 Aug 2008
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 02:35

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Contributors

Author: A. Harder
Author: H.P. Schmitt-Wrede
Author: J. Krucken
Author: P. Marinovski
Author: F. Wunderlich
Author: J. Willson
Author: K. Amliwala
Author: L. Holden-Dye ORCID iD
Author: R. Walker

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