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Species-level effects more important than functional group-level responses to elevated CO2: evidence from simulated turves

Species-level effects more important than functional group-level responses to elevated CO2: evidence from simulated turves
Species-level effects more important than functional group-level responses to elevated CO2: evidence from simulated turves
Using mixtures of 14 calcareous grassland plant species drawn from three functional groups, we looked at the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on contrasting levels of ecosystem performance (species, functional group and community). Experimental communities were subjected to ambient (?350 µmol mol?1) or elevated CO2 (?600 µmol mol?1) in controlled environments, with grazing simulated by clipping at monthly intervals for 546 days.

We assessed the effect of elevated CO2 on plant performance by quantifying the productivity (biomass) and cover of component species. We also examined the effect of elevated CO2 on the vertical structure of the plant canopy. Elevated CO2 resulted in a significant increase in total community biomass only following nutrient addition. Within functional groups, non-leguminous forb species had significantly greater biomass and cover in elevated CO2 both before and after nutrient addition, although the effect was mainly due to the influence of one species (Centaurea nigra). Grasses, in contrast, responded negatively to elevated CO2, although again significant reductions in biomass and cover could mainly be ascribed to a single species (Brachypodium pinnatum). Legumes exhibited increased biomass and cover in elevated CO2 (the effects being particularly marked for Anthyllis vulneraria and Lotus corniculatus), but this response disappeared following nutrient addition. Vertical structure was little affected by CO2 treatment.

We conclude that due to the idiosyncratic responses of individual species, the categorization of plants into broad functional groups is of limited use in guiding our understanding of the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on plant communities.
biodiversity, chalk grassland, climate change, functional groups, vertical structure
0269-8463
304-313
Hanley, M.E.
a79f009e-eeb2-48e6-95bd-4eb4b3baf292
Trofimov, S.
f2ee84a9-1674-4bc4-a37a-4615d4ecf19e
Taylor, G.
Hanley, M.E.
a79f009e-eeb2-48e6-95bd-4eb4b3baf292
Trofimov, S.
f2ee84a9-1674-4bc4-a37a-4615d4ecf19e
Taylor, G.

Hanley, M.E., Trofimov, S. and Taylor, G. (2004) Species-level effects more important than functional group-level responses to elevated CO2: evidence from simulated turves. Functional Ecology, 18 (3), 304-313. (doi:10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00845.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Using mixtures of 14 calcareous grassland plant species drawn from three functional groups, we looked at the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on contrasting levels of ecosystem performance (species, functional group and community). Experimental communities were subjected to ambient (?350 µmol mol?1) or elevated CO2 (?600 µmol mol?1) in controlled environments, with grazing simulated by clipping at monthly intervals for 546 days.

We assessed the effect of elevated CO2 on plant performance by quantifying the productivity (biomass) and cover of component species. We also examined the effect of elevated CO2 on the vertical structure of the plant canopy. Elevated CO2 resulted in a significant increase in total community biomass only following nutrient addition. Within functional groups, non-leguminous forb species had significantly greater biomass and cover in elevated CO2 both before and after nutrient addition, although the effect was mainly due to the influence of one species (Centaurea nigra). Grasses, in contrast, responded negatively to elevated CO2, although again significant reductions in biomass and cover could mainly be ascribed to a single species (Brachypodium pinnatum). Legumes exhibited increased biomass and cover in elevated CO2 (the effects being particularly marked for Anthyllis vulneraria and Lotus corniculatus), but this response disappeared following nutrient addition. Vertical structure was little affected by CO2 treatment.

We conclude that due to the idiosyncratic responses of individual species, the categorization of plants into broad functional groups is of limited use in guiding our understanding of the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 on plant communities.

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More information

Published date: 1 June 2004
Keywords: biodiversity, chalk grassland, climate change, functional groups, vertical structure

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 56541
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/56541
ISSN: 0269-8463
PURE UUID: 9bfd837f-cf83-434c-aacd-43791a97598b

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Date deposited: 08 Aug 2008
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 11:02

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Contributors

Author: M.E. Hanley
Author: S. Trofimov
Author: G. Taylor

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