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Structure of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 5 reveals a fold common to several translation factors

Structure of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 5 reveals a fold common to several translation factors
Structure of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 5 reveals a fold common to several translation factors
Eukaryotic initiation factor 5 (eIF5) plays multiple roles in translation initiation. Its N-terminal domain functions as a GTPase-activator protein (GAP) for GTP bound to eIF2, while its C-terminal region nucleates the interactions between multiple translation factors, including eIF1, which acts to inhibit GTP hydrolysis or Pi release, and the subunit of eIF2. These proteins and the events in which they participate are critical for the accurate recognition of the correct start codon during translation initiation. Here, we report the three-dimensional solution structure of the N-terminal domain of human eIF5, comprising two subdomains, both reminiscent of nucleic-acid-binding modules. The N-terminal subdomain contains the "arginine finger" motif that is essential for GAP function but which, unusually, resides in a partially disordered region of the molecule. This implies that a conformational reordering of this portion of eIF5 is likely to occur upon formation of a competent complex for GTP hydrolysis, following the appropriate activation signal. Interestingly, the N-terminal subdomain of eIF5 reveals an / fold structurally similar to both the archaeal orthologue of the subunit of eIF2 and, unexpectedly, to eIF1. These results reveal a novel protein fold common to several factors involved in related steps of translation initiation. The implications of these observations are discussed in terms of the mechanism of translation initiation.
0006-2960
4550-4558
Conte, M.R.
8c6ecada-9372-4c3e-a6bb-9bb4b85e6b4f
Kelly, G.
4ec853ad-85b1-40c5-8537-2f6f83d852c2
Babon, J.
b5ebb40f-338d-4553-ad66-5af98d0c5bb3
Sanfelice, D.
a48853a0-0471-4f69-aa55-292d2385dfd5
Youell, J.
65e83972-9acd-41dd-869c-339128b2e57a
Smerdon, S.J.
3c600788-8a9d-4e43-b8b7-3353437b4dd1
Proud, C.G.
c2cc50f9-4565-4d59-9dfc-aa70b9268a6e
Conte, M.R.
8c6ecada-9372-4c3e-a6bb-9bb4b85e6b4f
Kelly, G.
4ec853ad-85b1-40c5-8537-2f6f83d852c2
Babon, J.
b5ebb40f-338d-4553-ad66-5af98d0c5bb3
Sanfelice, D.
a48853a0-0471-4f69-aa55-292d2385dfd5
Youell, J.
65e83972-9acd-41dd-869c-339128b2e57a
Smerdon, S.J.
3c600788-8a9d-4e43-b8b7-3353437b4dd1
Proud, C.G.
c2cc50f9-4565-4d59-9dfc-aa70b9268a6e

Conte, M.R., Kelly, G., Babon, J., Sanfelice, D., Youell, J., Smerdon, S.J. and Proud, C.G. (2006) Structure of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 5 reveals a fold common to several translation factors. Biochemistry, 45 (14), 4550-4558. (doi:10.1021/bi052387u).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5 (eIF5) plays multiple roles in translation initiation. Its N-terminal domain functions as a GTPase-activator protein (GAP) for GTP bound to eIF2, while its C-terminal region nucleates the interactions between multiple translation factors, including eIF1, which acts to inhibit GTP hydrolysis or Pi release, and the subunit of eIF2. These proteins and the events in which they participate are critical for the accurate recognition of the correct start codon during translation initiation. Here, we report the three-dimensional solution structure of the N-terminal domain of human eIF5, comprising two subdomains, both reminiscent of nucleic-acid-binding modules. The N-terminal subdomain contains the "arginine finger" motif that is essential for GAP function but which, unusually, resides in a partially disordered region of the molecule. This implies that a conformational reordering of this portion of eIF5 is likely to occur upon formation of a competent complex for GTP hydrolysis, following the appropriate activation signal. Interestingly, the N-terminal subdomain of eIF5 reveals an / fold structurally similar to both the archaeal orthologue of the subunit of eIF2 and, unexpectedly, to eIF1. These results reveal a novel protein fold common to several factors involved in related steps of translation initiation. The implications of these observations are discussed in terms of the mechanism of translation initiation.

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More information

Submitted date: 22 November 2005
Published date: 1 April 2006

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Local EPrints ID: 56673
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/56673
ISSN: 0006-2960
PURE UUID: f327e1ac-55f9-41c1-9504-a9627af5f0a9

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Date deposited: 07 Aug 2008
Last modified: 15 Mar 2024 11:03

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Contributors

Author: M.R. Conte
Author: G. Kelly
Author: J. Babon
Author: D. Sanfelice
Author: J. Youell
Author: S.J. Smerdon
Author: C.G. Proud

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