Risk factors for specific upper limb disorders as compared with non-specific upper limb pain: assessing the utility of a structured examination schedule
Risk factors for specific upper limb disorders as compared with non-specific upper limb pain: assessing the utility of a structured examination schedule
Background Few community-based epidemiological investigations of upper limb disorders (ULDs) have classified cases by validated procedures involving a structured clinical examination.
Aim To compare risk factor profiles for different diagnostic categories of ULD using one such examination scheme.
Methods A questionnaire about upper limb pain and demographic, occupational and psychosocial risk factors was mailed to 10 264 adults from two English general practices, followed by standardized physical examination in those with arm or neck pain. Logistic regression was used to compare those with specific ULDs and non-specific arm pain with those who had no neck or arm symptoms.
Results There was a 59% response rate. A total of 1197 subjects with arm or neck pain underwent standardized physical examination and were classified as having one or more of 11 specific ULDs or non-specific regional pain. Among these, 250 subjects with specific ULDs and 176 with only non-specific arm pain were compared with 2248 subjects who had no neck or arm symptoms. Certain physical risk factors were more strongly associated with specific disorders than with non-specific pain. In comparison with pain-free subjects, the odds ratios (ORs) in keyboard users (1 h versus <1 h/day) were 3.1 (95% CI 1.3, 7.8) for hand–wrist tendonitis but 1.3 (0.8, 2.1) for non-specific hand–wrist pain. Other differential associations were found with age, sex, manual versus non-manual employment and smoking. Unexpectedly, low vitality was similarly associated with both specific disorders and non-specific pain.
Conclusion These findings suggest that the schedule may usefully distinguish disorders that differ in their association with physical risk factors.
upper extremity, etiology, england, occupational diseases, employment, epidemiology, arm, classification, occupational, soft tissue rheumatism
243-250
Walker-Bone, Karen
ad7d1336-ed2c-4f39-ade5-da84eb412109
Reading, Isabel
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Coggon, David
2b43ce0a-cc61-4d86-b15d-794208ffa5d3
Cooper, Cyrus
e05f5612-b493-4273-9b71-9e0ce32bdad6
Palmer, Keith T.
0cfe63f0-1d33-40ff-ae8c-6c33601df850
20 April 2006
Walker-Bone, Karen
ad7d1336-ed2c-4f39-ade5-da84eb412109
Reading, Isabel
6f832276-87b7-4a76-a9ed-b4b3df0a3f66
Coggon, David
2b43ce0a-cc61-4d86-b15d-794208ffa5d3
Cooper, Cyrus
e05f5612-b493-4273-9b71-9e0ce32bdad6
Palmer, Keith T.
0cfe63f0-1d33-40ff-ae8c-6c33601df850
Walker-Bone, Karen, Reading, Isabel, Coggon, David, Cooper, Cyrus and Palmer, Keith T.
(2006)
Risk factors for specific upper limb disorders as compared with non-specific upper limb pain: assessing the utility of a structured examination schedule.
Occupational Medicine, 56 (4), .
(doi:10.1093/occmed/kql016).
Abstract
Background Few community-based epidemiological investigations of upper limb disorders (ULDs) have classified cases by validated procedures involving a structured clinical examination.
Aim To compare risk factor profiles for different diagnostic categories of ULD using one such examination scheme.
Methods A questionnaire about upper limb pain and demographic, occupational and psychosocial risk factors was mailed to 10 264 adults from two English general practices, followed by standardized physical examination in those with arm or neck pain. Logistic regression was used to compare those with specific ULDs and non-specific arm pain with those who had no neck or arm symptoms.
Results There was a 59% response rate. A total of 1197 subjects with arm or neck pain underwent standardized physical examination and were classified as having one or more of 11 specific ULDs or non-specific regional pain. Among these, 250 subjects with specific ULDs and 176 with only non-specific arm pain were compared with 2248 subjects who had no neck or arm symptoms. Certain physical risk factors were more strongly associated with specific disorders than with non-specific pain. In comparison with pain-free subjects, the odds ratios (ORs) in keyboard users (1 h versus <1 h/day) were 3.1 (95% CI 1.3, 7.8) for hand–wrist tendonitis but 1.3 (0.8, 2.1) for non-specific hand–wrist pain. Other differential associations were found with age, sex, manual versus non-manual employment and smoking. Unexpectedly, low vitality was similarly associated with both specific disorders and non-specific pain.
Conclusion These findings suggest that the schedule may usefully distinguish disorders that differ in their association with physical risk factors.
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Published date: 20 April 2006
Keywords:
upper extremity, etiology, england, occupational diseases, employment, epidemiology, arm, classification, occupational, soft tissue rheumatism
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Local EPrints ID: 62191
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/62191
ISSN: 0962-7480
PURE UUID: cb1914c2-caf3-413b-b60f-2b716b6a21c4
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Date deposited: 10 Sep 2008
Last modified: 18 Mar 2024 02:51
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Author:
Isabel Reading
Author:
David Coggon
Author:
Keith T. Palmer
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