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Cross-orientation masking is speed invariant between ocular pathways but speed dependent within them

Cross-orientation masking is speed invariant between ocular pathways but speed dependent within them
Cross-orientation masking is speed invariant between ocular pathways but speed dependent within them
In human (D. H. Baker, T. S. Meese, & R. J. Summers, 2007b) and in cat (B. Li, M. R. Peterson, J. K. Thompson, T. Duong, & R. D. Freeman, 2005; F. Sengpiel & V. Vorobyov, 2005) there are at least two routes to cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a broadband, non-adaptable, monocular (within-eye) pathway and a more narrowband, adaptable interocular (between the eyes) pathway. We further characterized these two routes psychophysically by measuring the weight of suppression across spatio-temporal frequency for cross-oriented pairs of superimposed flickering Gabor patches. Masking functions were normalized to unmasked detection thresholds and fitted by a two-stage model of contrast gain control (T. S. Meese, M. A. Georgeson, & D. H. Baker, 2006) that was developed to accommodate XOS. The weight of monocular suppression was a power function of the scalar quantity ‘speed’ (temporal-frequency/spatial-frequency). This weight can be expressed as the ratio of non-oriented magno- and parvo-like mechanisms, permitting a fast-acting, early locus, as befits the urgency for action associated with high retinal speeds. In contrast, dichoptic-masking functions superimposed. Overall, this (i) provides further evidence for dissociation between the two forms of XOS in humans, and (ii) indicates that the monocular and interocular varieties of XOS are space/time scale-dependent and scale-invariant, respectively. This suggests an image-processing role for interocular XOS that is tailored to natural image statistics—very different from that of the scale-dependent (speed-dependent) monocular variety.
human vision, psychophysics, contrast gain control, interocular masking, binocular rivalry
1534-7362
1-15
Meese, Tim S.
0c8c57a5-1341-42d6-be91-cac46c6d6f34
Baker, Daniel H.
92545fbf-bb42-4155-a530-91b917648047
Meese, Tim S.
0c8c57a5-1341-42d6-be91-cac46c6d6f34
Baker, Daniel H.
92545fbf-bb42-4155-a530-91b917648047

Meese, Tim S. and Baker, Daniel H. (2009) Cross-orientation masking is speed invariant between ocular pathways but speed dependent within them. Journal of Vision, 9 (5), 1-15. (doi:10.1167/9.5.2).

Record type: Article

Abstract

In human (D. H. Baker, T. S. Meese, & R. J. Summers, 2007b) and in cat (B. Li, M. R. Peterson, J. K. Thompson, T. Duong, & R. D. Freeman, 2005; F. Sengpiel & V. Vorobyov, 2005) there are at least two routes to cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a broadband, non-adaptable, monocular (within-eye) pathway and a more narrowband, adaptable interocular (between the eyes) pathway. We further characterized these two routes psychophysically by measuring the weight of suppression across spatio-temporal frequency for cross-oriented pairs of superimposed flickering Gabor patches. Masking functions were normalized to unmasked detection thresholds and fitted by a two-stage model of contrast gain control (T. S. Meese, M. A. Georgeson, & D. H. Baker, 2006) that was developed to accommodate XOS. The weight of monocular suppression was a power function of the scalar quantity ‘speed’ (temporal-frequency/spatial-frequency). This weight can be expressed as the ratio of non-oriented magno- and parvo-like mechanisms, permitting a fast-acting, early locus, as befits the urgency for action associated with high retinal speeds. In contrast, dichoptic-masking functions superimposed. Overall, this (i) provides further evidence for dissociation between the two forms of XOS in humans, and (ii) indicates that the monocular and interocular varieties of XOS are space/time scale-dependent and scale-invariant, respectively. This suggests an image-processing role for interocular XOS that is tailored to natural image statistics—very different from that of the scale-dependent (speed-dependent) monocular variety.

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More information

Submitted date: 12 August 2008
Published date: 4 May 2009
Keywords: human vision, psychophysics, contrast gain control, interocular masking, binocular rivalry

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 66142
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/66142
ISSN: 1534-7362
PURE UUID: 816e35ee-5355-4c64-8e5d-9c3ba80d96ad

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 05 May 2009
Last modified: 13 Mar 2024 18:09

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Contributors

Author: Tim S. Meese
Author: Daniel H. Baker

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