Anwar, Arif A. (1999) Adjusted factor G(a) for pipelines with outlets and outflow. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ASCE, 125 (6), 355-359. (doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1999)125:6(355)).
Abstract
The adjusted factor Ga is a generic friction loss correction factor for pipelines with multiple outlets. The adjusted factor Ga can be applied to pipelines with or without outflow at the downstream end. Furthermore, this factor can be applied to a pipeline where the first outlet is at a full outlet spacing or a fractional outlet spacing from the pipeline inlet. When the outflow at the downstream end is reduced to zero, the adjusted factor Ga reduces to the adjusted factor Fa. If the first outlet is positioned one outlet spacing from the pipeline inlet, the factor Ga reduces to G. Finally, if both the outflow is zero and the first outlet is one outlet spacing from the pipeline inlet, the adjusted factor Ga reduces to a close approximation of the well known factor F. The adjusted factor Ga is a function of the number of outlets along the pipeline, the location of the first outlet from the pipeline inlet, the outflow ratio, and the velocity exponent of the head loss formula.
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