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Stress management in sport: a comparison of unimodal and multimodal interventions

Stress management in sport: a comparison of unimodal and multimodal interventions
Stress management in sport: a comparison of unimodal and multimodal interventions
The aim of this field based study was to examine the efficacy of three different interventions on participants matched by degree of debilitative cognitive anxiety. Participants completed a composite version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which assessed both intensity and direction (debilitative-facilitative) of state anxiety, within one hour of a competitive Invasion Game. Four matched groups were established and given the following different treatments; Cognitive-Affective Stress Management (multimodal) (n = 10), Positive Thought Control (unimodal compatible)(n = 10), Applied Relaxation (unimodal non-compatible) (n = 10) and placebo tasks were given to the Control Group (n = 11). Following the six-week interventions the participants were again assessed before a second competitive Invasion Game. A series of two-way analyses of variance (group and event) with repeated measures on the second factor, indicated some treatments to be more effective than others. The multimodal intervention was most effective overall. However, the unimodal compatible treatment was as effective as the multimodal treatment, on the targeted composite CSAI-2 subscale, and took approximately half the time to deliver to the participants.
competitive state anxiety, intensity, direction, unimodal intervention, multimodal intervention
1477-2205
225-246
Maynard, Ian W.
9494a7e6-3447-46ec-95e6-c99f5c32f2d0
Hemmings, Brian
ef5bf30d-ca8b-4074-810c-ae9709d30fc7
Greenlees, Iain A.
d7cd756c-7e85-484d-8cd0-feb9be719563
Warwick-Evans, Lawrence
b0a492f6-08d3-4374-beb7-ae0777b9a8c7
Stanton, Neville A.
351a44ab-09a0-422a-a738-01df1fe0fadd
Maynard, Ian W.
9494a7e6-3447-46ec-95e6-c99f5c32f2d0
Hemmings, Brian
ef5bf30d-ca8b-4074-810c-ae9709d30fc7
Greenlees, Iain A.
d7cd756c-7e85-484d-8cd0-feb9be719563
Warwick-Evans, Lawrence
b0a492f6-08d3-4374-beb7-ae0777b9a8c7
Stanton, Neville A.
351a44ab-09a0-422a-a738-01df1fe0fadd

Maynard, Ian W., Hemmings, Brian, Greenlees, Iain A., Warwick-Evans, Lawrence and Stanton, Neville A. (1998) Stress management in sport: a comparison of unimodal and multimodal interventions. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 11 (3), 225-246. (doi:10.1080/10615809808248313).

Record type: Article

Abstract

The aim of this field based study was to examine the efficacy of three different interventions on participants matched by degree of debilitative cognitive anxiety. Participants completed a composite version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) which assessed both intensity and direction (debilitative-facilitative) of state anxiety, within one hour of a competitive Invasion Game. Four matched groups were established and given the following different treatments; Cognitive-Affective Stress Management (multimodal) (n = 10), Positive Thought Control (unimodal compatible)(n = 10), Applied Relaxation (unimodal non-compatible) (n = 10) and placebo tasks were given to the Control Group (n = 11). Following the six-week interventions the participants were again assessed before a second competitive Invasion Game. A series of two-way analyses of variance (group and event) with repeated measures on the second factor, indicated some treatments to be more effective than others. The multimodal intervention was most effective overall. However, the unimodal compatible treatment was as effective as the multimodal treatment, on the targeted composite CSAI-2 subscale, and took approximately half the time to deliver to the participants.

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More information

Published date: July 1998
Keywords: competitive state anxiety, intensity, direction, unimodal intervention, multimodal intervention

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 76090
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/76090
ISSN: 1477-2205
PURE UUID: b8302629-6cbf-42cc-9cb8-284fea87055f
ORCID for Neville A. Stanton: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-8562-3279

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Date deposited: 11 Mar 2010
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:54

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Contributors

Author: Ian W. Maynard
Author: Brian Hemmings
Author: Iain A. Greenlees
Author: Lawrence Warwick-Evans

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