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A non-invasive continuous method of measuring blood volume during haemodialysis using optical techniques

A non-invasive continuous method of measuring blood volume during haemodialysis using optical techniques
A non-invasive continuous method of measuring blood volume during haemodialysis using optical techniques
Hypotension during haemodialysis and fluid overload between treatments are major problems for haemodialysis patients. Clinical means of assessing hydration state can be relatively imprecise. We describe a non-invasive method of measuring absolute blood volume (BV) during a mock in vitro haemodialysis session which adds objective information to that assessment As fluid is removed by ultrafiltration, haemoglobin concentration [Hb] rises proportionately to the fall in BV. An optical monitor clamped across the transparent dialysis tubing gives a continuous readout of near infra-red light transmitted through the blood, and this can be converted to [Hb] values. The net change in BV is the difference between the volume of fluid ultrafiltered and the volume which refills the vascular compartment from the extravascular space. By analysing the change in [Hb] and therefore the change in BV at two different rates of fluid removal the _absolute_ BV can be determined. The accuracy of this method was tested in vitro.
This optical method accurately measures the change in BV over a range of [Hb] from 4 to 15 g/dL and blood circulation pump speeds of 150 to 300 ml/min. A series of ten in vitro experiments was performed. The mean relative difference between the measured BV and the calculated BV, was 5.7±2.5%.
This readily repeatable technique can accurately measure BV during a mock in vitro haemodialysis session, thus providing information for the clinical assessment of the hydration state. Information from these experiments will assist in future in vivo studies.
1350-4533
105-109
McMahon, M.P.
9d3c4fca-3346-43e2-ad94-0a01c0d338fe
Campbell, S.B.
7d2065b4-ecf9-4cd5-a298-2ce9352728a8
Shannon, G.F.
4e69ddb7-1ea3-4153-93f6-3aba04173adb
Wilkinson, J.S.
73483cf3-d9f2-4688-9b09-1c84257884ca
Fleming, S.J.
1da8d7bc-217a-4485-9945-3901cabd48a5
McMahon, M.P.
9d3c4fca-3346-43e2-ad94-0a01c0d338fe
Campbell, S.B.
7d2065b4-ecf9-4cd5-a298-2ce9352728a8
Shannon, G.F.
4e69ddb7-1ea3-4153-93f6-3aba04173adb
Wilkinson, J.S.
73483cf3-d9f2-4688-9b09-1c84257884ca
Fleming, S.J.
1da8d7bc-217a-4485-9945-3901cabd48a5

McMahon, M.P., Campbell, S.B., Shannon, G.F., Wilkinson, J.S. and Fleming, S.J. (1996) A non-invasive continuous method of measuring blood volume during haemodialysis using optical techniques. Medical Engineering & Physics, 18 (2), 105-109. (doi:10.1016/1350-4533(95)00039-9).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Hypotension during haemodialysis and fluid overload between treatments are major problems for haemodialysis patients. Clinical means of assessing hydration state can be relatively imprecise. We describe a non-invasive method of measuring absolute blood volume (BV) during a mock in vitro haemodialysis session which adds objective information to that assessment As fluid is removed by ultrafiltration, haemoglobin concentration [Hb] rises proportionately to the fall in BV. An optical monitor clamped across the transparent dialysis tubing gives a continuous readout of near infra-red light transmitted through the blood, and this can be converted to [Hb] values. The net change in BV is the difference between the volume of fluid ultrafiltered and the volume which refills the vascular compartment from the extravascular space. By analysing the change in [Hb] and therefore the change in BV at two different rates of fluid removal the _absolute_ BV can be determined. The accuracy of this method was tested in vitro.
This optical method accurately measures the change in BV over a range of [Hb] from 4 to 15 g/dL and blood circulation pump speeds of 150 to 300 ml/min. A series of ten in vitro experiments was performed. The mean relative difference between the measured BV and the calculated BV, was 5.7±2.5%.
This readily repeatable technique can accurately measure BV during a mock in vitro haemodialysis session, thus providing information for the clinical assessment of the hydration state. Information from these experiments will assist in future in vivo studies.

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1097 - Accepted Manuscript
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Published date: March 1996

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 78126
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/78126
ISSN: 1350-4533
PURE UUID: 361a6f3d-cf3c-49ab-ab43-ad1fb28fa82e
ORCID for J.S. Wilkinson: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4712-1697

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Date deposited: 11 Mar 2010
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:32

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Contributors

Author: M.P. McMahon
Author: S.B. Campbell
Author: G.F. Shannon
Author: J.S. Wilkinson ORCID iD
Author: S.J. Fleming

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