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Ecological influences on larval chironomid communities in shallow lakes: implications for palaeolimnological interpretations

Ecological influences on larval chironomid communities in shallow lakes: implications for palaeolimnological interpretations
Ecological influences on larval chironomid communities in shallow lakes: implications for palaeolimnological interpretations
1. To correctly interpret chironomid faunas for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, it is essential that we improve our understanding of the relative influence of ecosystem variables, biotic as well as physicochemical, on chironomid larvae. To address this, we analysed the surface sediments from 39 shallow lakes (29 Norfolk, U.K., 10 Denmark) for chironomid head capsules, and 70 chironomid taxa (including Chaoborus) were identified.
2. The shallow lakes were selected over large environmental gradients of aquatic macrophytes, total phosphorus (TP) and fish communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified two significant variables that explained chironomid distribution: macrophyte species richness (P < 0.001) and TP (P < 0.005). Generalised linear models (GLM)
identified specific taxa that had significant relationships with both these variables. Macrophyte percentage volume infested (PVI) and species richness were significant in classifying the lake types based on chironomid communities under TWINSPAN analysis, although other factors, notably nutrient concentrations and fish communities, were also important, illustrating the complexities of classifying shallow lake ecosystems. Lakes with plant species richness >10 all had relatively diverse (Hill’s N2) chironomid assemblages, and lakes with Hill’s N2 >10 all had TP <250 lg L)1 and total fish densities <2 fish per m2.
3. Plant density (PVI), and perhaps more importantly species richness, were primary controls on the distribution of chironomid communities within these lakes. This clearly has implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions using zoobenthos remains (i.e.
chironomids) and suggests that they could be used to track changes in benthic/pelagic production and could be used as indicators of changing macrophyte habitat.
4. Measuring key biological gradients, in addition to physicochemical gradients, allowed the major controls on chironomid distribution to be assessed more directly, in terms of plant substrate, food availability, competition and predation pressure, rather than implying indirect mechanisms through relationships with nutrients. Many of these variables, notably macrophyte abundance and species richness, are not routinely measured in such studies,
despite their importance in determining zoobenthos in temperate shallow lakes.
5. When physical, chemical and ecological gradients are considered, as is often the case with palaeo-reconstructions rather than training sets chosen to maximise one gradient, complex relationships exist, and attempting to reconstruct a single trophic variable
quantitatively may not be appropriate or reliable.
chironomids, fish, macrophytes, palaeolimnology, shallow lakes, total phosphorus
0046-5070
531-545
Langdon, Peter G.
95b97671-f9fe-4884-aca6-9aa3cd1a6d7f
Ruiz, Zoe
78f2027e-726f-4780-a755-9fb2d56c2634
Wynne, Shirley
ec7618a1-3720-47fb-9684-7a4e1875f628
Sayer, Carl D.
4f943cfe-5edf-4146-9332-239cd76cb905
Davidson, Thomas A.
f9b8bc3e-0a49-4877-aa04-afe97b77675b
Langdon, Peter G.
95b97671-f9fe-4884-aca6-9aa3cd1a6d7f
Ruiz, Zoe
78f2027e-726f-4780-a755-9fb2d56c2634
Wynne, Shirley
ec7618a1-3720-47fb-9684-7a4e1875f628
Sayer, Carl D.
4f943cfe-5edf-4146-9332-239cd76cb905
Davidson, Thomas A.
f9b8bc3e-0a49-4877-aa04-afe97b77675b

Langdon, Peter G., Ruiz, Zoe, Wynne, Shirley, Sayer, Carl D. and Davidson, Thomas A. (2010) Ecological influences on larval chironomid communities in shallow lakes: implications for palaeolimnological interpretations. Freshwater Biology, 55 (3), 531-545. (doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02345.x).

Record type: Article

Abstract

1. To correctly interpret chironomid faunas for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, it is essential that we improve our understanding of the relative influence of ecosystem variables, biotic as well as physicochemical, on chironomid larvae. To address this, we analysed the surface sediments from 39 shallow lakes (29 Norfolk, U.K., 10 Denmark) for chironomid head capsules, and 70 chironomid taxa (including Chaoborus) were identified.
2. The shallow lakes were selected over large environmental gradients of aquatic macrophytes, total phosphorus (TP) and fish communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified two significant variables that explained chironomid distribution: macrophyte species richness (P < 0.001) and TP (P < 0.005). Generalised linear models (GLM)
identified specific taxa that had significant relationships with both these variables. Macrophyte percentage volume infested (PVI) and species richness were significant in classifying the lake types based on chironomid communities under TWINSPAN analysis, although other factors, notably nutrient concentrations and fish communities, were also important, illustrating the complexities of classifying shallow lake ecosystems. Lakes with plant species richness >10 all had relatively diverse (Hill’s N2) chironomid assemblages, and lakes with Hill’s N2 >10 all had TP <250 lg L)1 and total fish densities <2 fish per m2.
3. Plant density (PVI), and perhaps more importantly species richness, were primary controls on the distribution of chironomid communities within these lakes. This clearly has implications for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions using zoobenthos remains (i.e.
chironomids) and suggests that they could be used to track changes in benthic/pelagic production and could be used as indicators of changing macrophyte habitat.
4. Measuring key biological gradients, in addition to physicochemical gradients, allowed the major controls on chironomid distribution to be assessed more directly, in terms of plant substrate, food availability, competition and predation pressure, rather than implying indirect mechanisms through relationships with nutrients. Many of these variables, notably macrophyte abundance and species richness, are not routinely measured in such studies,
despite their importance in determining zoobenthos in temperate shallow lakes.
5. When physical, chemical and ecological gradients are considered, as is often the case with palaeo-reconstructions rather than training sets chosen to maximise one gradient, complex relationships exist, and attempting to reconstruct a single trophic variable
quantitatively may not be appropriate or reliable.

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More information

Published date: 22 February 2010
Keywords: chironomids, fish, macrophytes, palaeolimnology, shallow lakes, total phosphorus
Organisations: Environmental Processes & Change

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 80318
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/80318
ISSN: 0046-5070
PURE UUID: 6a1ec2ac-57a0-4f38-bcaf-e67f25ade632
ORCID for Peter G. Langdon: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-2643

Catalogue record

Date deposited: 24 Mar 2010
Last modified: 14 Mar 2024 02:41

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Contributors

Author: Zoe Ruiz
Author: Shirley Wynne
Author: Carl D. Sayer
Author: Thomas A. Davidson

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