T:sapphire channel waveguide lasers produced by femtosecond and picosecond laser writing

Abstract

Ultra-short pulse laser writing is a widely adopted method for rapid prototyping of channel waveguide lasers and amplifiers in the bulk of different types of transparent glasses, crystals and ceramic materials [1, 2]. The writing process in laser crystals relies on engineering either depressed-cladding structures or two parallel tracks to confine the mode in the spacing in-between, by stress-induced increases in the refractive index. Ti:sapphire (a-Al₂O₃:Ti³⁺) with its broad emission bandwidth (650-1100 nm) is a benchmark solid-state gain medium for ultrashort laser pulse generation and broadly tuneable lasers. Here, we report on the continuous wave (cw) laser operation of Ti:sapphire channel waveguides fabricated by fs- and picosecond (ps) laser writing.

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