The University of Southampton
University of Southampton Institutional Repository

Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer

Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer
Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer
The Crab nebula originated from a core-collapse supernova (SN) explosion observed in 1054 A.D. When viewed as a supernova remnant (SNR), it has an anomalously low observed ejecta mass and kinetic energy for an Fe-core collapse SN. Intensive searches were made for a massive shell that solves this discrepancy, but none has been detected. An alternative idea is that the SN1054 is an electron-capture (EC) explosion with a lower explosion energy by an order of magnitude than Fe-core collapse SNe. In the X-rays, imaging searches were performed for the plasma emission from the shell in the Crab outskirts to set a stringent upper limit to the X-ray emitting mass. However, the extreme brightness of the source hampers access to its vicinity. We thus employed spectroscopic technique using the X-ray micro-calorimeter onboard the Hitomi satellite. By exploiting its superb energy resolution, we set an upper limit for emission or absorption features from yet undetected thermal plasma in the 2-12 keV range. We also re-evaluated the existing Chandra and XMM-Newton data. By assembling these results, a new upper limit was obtained for the X-ray plasma mass of
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
0004-6264
Aharonian, Felix
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Akamatsu, Hiroki
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Chiao, Meng P.
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de Plaa, Jelle
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de Vries, Cor P.
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den Herder, Jan-Willem
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Dotani, Tadayasu
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Ebisawa, Ken
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Gu, Liyi
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Lee, Shiu-Hang
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Leutenegger, Maurice A.
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Reynolds, Christopher S.
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Fujimoto, Ryuichi
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Aharonian, Felix, Akamatsu, Hiroki, Akimoto, Fumie, Allen, Steven W., Angelini, Lorella, Audard, Marc, Awaki, Hisamitsu, Axelsson, Magnus, Bamba, Aya, Bautz, Marshall W., Blandford, Roger, Brenneman, Laura W., Brown, Greg V., Bulbul, Esra, Cackett, Edward M., Chernyakova, Maria, Chiao, Meng P., Coppi, Paolo S., Costantini, Elisa, de Plaa, Jelle, de Vries, Cor P., den Herder, Jan-Willem, Done, Chris, Dotani, Tadayasu, Ebisawa, Ken, Eckart, Megan E., Enoto, Teruaki, Ezoe, Yuichiro, Fabian, Andrew C., Ferrigno, Carlo, Foster, Adam R., Fujimoto, Ryuichi, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Furuzawa, Akihiro, Galeazzi, Massimiliano, Gallo, Luigi C., Gandhi, Poshak, Giustini, Margherita, Goldwurm, Andrea, Gu, Liyi, Guainazzi, Matteo, Haba, Yoshito, Hagino, Kouichi, Hamaguchi, Kenji, Harrus, Ilana M., Hatsukade, Isamu, Hayashi, Katsuhiro, Hayashi, Takayuki, Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Hiraga, Junko S., Hornschemeier, Ann, Hoshino, Akio, Hughes, John P., Ichinohe, Yuto, Iizuka, Ryo, Inoue, Hajime, Inoue, Yoshiyuki, Ishida, Manabu, Ishikawa, Kumi, Ishisaki, Yoshitaka, Kaastra, Jelle, Kallman, Tim, Kamae, Tsuneyoshi, Kataoka, Jun, Katsuda, Satoru, Kawai, Nobuyuki, Kelley, Richard L., Kilbourne, Caroline A., Kitaguchi, Takao, Kitamoto, Shunji, Kitayama, Tetsu, Kohmura, Takayoshi, Kokubun, Motohide, Koyama, Katsuji, Koyama, Shu, Kretschmar, Peter, Krimm, Hans A., Kubota, Aya, Kunieda, Hideyo, Laurent, Philippe, Lee, Shiu-Hang, Leutenegger, Maurice A., Limousin, Olivier O., Loewenstein, Michael, Long, Knox S., Lumb, David, Madejski, Greg, Maeda, Yoshitomo, Maier, Daniel, Makishima, Kazuo, Markevitch, Maxim, Matsumoto, Hironori, Matsushita, Kyoko, McCammon, Dan, McNamara, Brian R., Mehdipour, Missagh, Miller, Eric D., Miller, Jon M., Mineshige, Shin, Mitsuda, Kazuhisa, Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki, Miyazawa, Takuya, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Mori, Hideyuki, Mori, Koji, Mukai, Koji, Murakami, Hiroshi, Mushotzky, Richard F., Nakagawa, Takao, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nakashima, Shinya, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Nobukawa, Kumiko K., Nobukawa, Masayoshi, Noda, Hirofumi, Odaka, Hirokazu, Ohashi, Takaya, Ohno, Masanori, Okajima, Takashi, Ota, Naomi, Ozaki, Masanobu, Paerels, Frits, Paltani, Stephane, Petre, Robert, Pinto, Ciro, Porter, Frederick S., Pottschmidt, Katja, Reynolds, Christopher S., Safi-Harb, Samar, Saito, Shinya, Sakai, Kazuhiro, Sasaki, Toru, Sato, Goro, Sato, Kosuke, Sato, Rie, Sato, Toshiki, Sawada, Makoto, Schartel, Norbert, Serlemtsos, Peter J., Seta, Hiromi, Shidatsu, Megumi, Simionescu, Aurora, Smith, Randall K., Soong, Yang, Stawarz, Lukasz, Sugawara, Yasuharu, Sugita, Satoshi, Szymkowiak, Andrew, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Takahashi, Tadayuki, Takeda, Shinichiro, Takei, Yoh, Tamagawa, Toru, Tamura, Takayuki, Tanaka, Takaaki, Tanaka, Yasuo, Tanaka, Yasuyuki T., Tashiro, Makoto S., Tawara, Yuzuru, Terada, Yukikatsu, Terashima, Yuichi, Tombesi, Francesco, Tomida, Hiroshi, Tsuboi, Yohko, Tsujimoto, Masahiro, Tsunemi, Hiroshi, Tsuru, Takeshi Go, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Uchiyama, Hideki, Uchiyama, Yasunobu, Ueda, Shutaro, Ueda, Yoshihiro, Uno, Shinichiro, Urry, C. Megan, Ursino, Eugenio, Watanabe, Shin, Werner, Norbert, Wilkins, Dan R., Williams, Brian J., Yamada, Shinya, Yamaguchi, Hiroya, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Yamasaki, Noriko Y., Yamauchi, Makoto, Yamauchi, Shigeo, Yaqoob, Tahir, Yatsu, Yoichi, Yonetoku, Daisuke, Zhuravleva, Irina, Zoghbi, Abderahmen, Tominaga, Nozomu and Moriya, Takashi J. (2017) Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. (In Press)

Record type: Article

Abstract

The Crab nebula originated from a core-collapse supernova (SN) explosion observed in 1054 A.D. When viewed as a supernova remnant (SNR), it has an anomalously low observed ejecta mass and kinetic energy for an Fe-core collapse SN. Intensive searches were made for a massive shell that solves this discrepancy, but none has been detected. An alternative idea is that the SN1054 is an electron-capture (EC) explosion with a lower explosion energy by an order of magnitude than Fe-core collapse SNe. In the X-rays, imaging searches were performed for the plasma emission from the shell in the Crab outskirts to set a stringent upper limit to the X-ray emitting mass. However, the extreme brightness of the source hampers access to its vicinity. We thus employed spectroscopic technique using the X-ray micro-calorimeter onboard the Hitomi satellite. By exploiting its superb energy resolution, we set an upper limit for emission or absorption features from yet undetected thermal plasma in the 2-12 keV range. We also re-evaluated the existing Chandra and XMM-Newton data. By assembling these results, a new upper limit was obtained for the X-ray plasma mass of

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Accepted/In Press date: 23 June 2017
Keywords: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 414422
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/414422
ISSN: 0004-6264
PURE UUID: dddc2317-8338-4f9a-bdb8-fc172b505afa
ORCID for Poshak Gandhi: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3105-2615

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Date deposited: 28 Sep 2017 16:31
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 05:46

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Contributors

Author: Felix Aharonian
Author: Hiroki Akamatsu
Author: Fumie Akimoto
Author: Steven W. Allen
Author: Lorella Angelini
Author: Marc Audard
Author: Hisamitsu Awaki
Author: Magnus Axelsson
Author: Aya Bamba
Author: Marshall W. Bautz
Author: Roger Blandford
Author: Laura W. Brenneman
Author: Greg V. Brown
Author: Esra Bulbul
Author: Edward M. Cackett
Author: Maria Chernyakova
Author: Meng P. Chiao
Author: Paolo S. Coppi
Author: Elisa Costantini
Author: Jelle de Plaa
Author: Cor P. de Vries
Author: Jan-Willem den Herder
Author: Chris Done
Author: Tadayasu Dotani
Author: Ken Ebisawa
Author: Megan E. Eckart
Author: Teruaki Enoto
Author: Yuichiro Ezoe
Author: Andrew C. Fabian
Author: Carlo Ferrigno
Author: Adam R. Foster
Author: Ryuichi Fujimoto
Author: Yasushi Fukazawa
Author: Akihiro Furuzawa
Author: Massimiliano Galeazzi
Author: Luigi C. Gallo
Author: Poshak Gandhi ORCID iD
Author: Margherita Giustini
Author: Andrea Goldwurm
Author: Liyi Gu
Author: Matteo Guainazzi
Author: Yoshito Haba
Author: Kouichi Hagino
Author: Kenji Hamaguchi
Author: Ilana M. Harrus
Author: Isamu Hatsukade
Author: Katsuhiro Hayashi
Author: Takayuki Hayashi
Author: Kiyoshi Hayashida
Author: Junko S. Hiraga
Author: Ann Hornschemeier
Author: Akio Hoshino
Author: John P. Hughes
Author: Yuto Ichinohe
Author: Ryo Iizuka
Author: Hajime Inoue
Author: Yoshiyuki Inoue
Author: Manabu Ishida
Author: Kumi Ishikawa
Author: Yoshitaka Ishisaki
Author: Jelle Kaastra
Author: Tim Kallman
Author: Tsuneyoshi Kamae
Author: Jun Kataoka
Author: Satoru Katsuda
Author: Nobuyuki Kawai
Author: Richard L. Kelley
Author: Caroline A. Kilbourne
Author: Takao Kitaguchi
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