Veronese, N., Stubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Hebert, J.R., Cooper, C., Caruso, M.G., Guglielmi, G., Reginster, J.-Y., Rizzoli, R., Maggi, S. and Shivappa, N. (2017) Pro-inflammatory dietary pattern is association with fractures in women: an eight-year longitudinal cohort study. Osteoporosis International. (doi:10.1007%2Fs00198-017-4251-5).
Abstract
Summary: in this study, during 8 years of follow-up, we reported that higher dietary inflammatory index values were associated with a higher risk of incident fractures in women, but not in men, after adjusting for potential confounders.
Introduction: inflammation is a key risk factor for many adverse outcomes in older people. While diet is a potential source of inflammation, little is known about the impact of inflammatory diet on fractures. Thus, we investigated whether higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)™ ® scores are associated with fractures in a cohort of North American people.
Methods: this longitudinal study with a follow-up of 8 years included 3648 participants (1577 males and 2071 females; mean age = 60.6 years) with/at risk of knee osteoarthritis participating with in the Osteoarthritis Initiative. DII scores were calculated using the validated Block Brief 2000 Food Frequency Questionnaire, categorized into sex-specific quintiles. Information on fractures was obtained through self-reported history of fractures at hip, spine, and forearm. The relationship between baseline DII score and incident fracture was assessed through a Cox’s regression analysis, adjusted for potential baseline confounders, and reported as hazard ratios (HRs).
Results: during 8 years of follow-up, 560 individuals developed fractures (15.4%). Adjusting for 10 potential confounders, women in the highest DII score quintile (i.e., most pro-inflammatory diet) had a significantly higher risk for fractures (HR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.02–2.11) compared to women in the lowest quintile. An increase in one standard deviation of DII scores significantly predicted fracture onset in women (adjusted HR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.02–1.27). The association between DII score and fractures was not significant among men or in the sample as whole.
Conclusion: pro-inflammatory diet is associated with a higher incidence of fractures in women but not men.
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