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Effect of a daily snack containing green leafy vegetables on women's fatty acid status: a randomized controlled trial in Mumbai, India

Effect of a daily snack containing green leafy vegetables on women's fatty acid status: a randomized controlled trial in Mumbai, India
Effect of a daily snack containing green leafy vegetables on women's fatty acid status: a randomized controlled trial in Mumbai, India
Background and Objectives: There are few data on the fatty acid status of non-pregnant Indian women. Our objective was to investigate the effect of a snack containing green leafy vegetables (GLVs) on women’s erythrocyte long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status (LCPUFA). Methods and Study Design: Non-pregnant women (n=222) aged 14-35 years from Mumbai slums were randomized to consume a snack containing GLVs, fruit and milk (treatment) or a control snack containing foods of low micronutrient content such as potato and onion, daily under observation. One treatment snack contained a mean (SD) of 54.1 (33.7) mg alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and one control snack contained 4.1 (3.4) mg ALA. Blood was collected at baseline (0 weeks) and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography and expressed as g/100g fatty acids. Plasma malondialdehyde, homocysteine, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were measured. The effect of the treatment on 12 week LCPUFA was assessed using ANCOVA models. Results: Median (IQR) erythrocyte DHA in the treatment group increased from 1.50 (1.11, 2.03) at baseline to 1.86 (1.50, 2.43) (p<0.001) at 12 weeks, and fell in controls from 1.78 (1.37, 2.32) to 1.60 (1.32, 2.04) (p<0.001). The total n-3 fatty acids increased in the treatment group. There was no effect on malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme levels. Plasma homocysteine at 0 and 12 weeks was inversely associated with erythrocyte DHA at 12 weeks. Conclusion: Daily consumption of a snack containing GLV improved women’s erythrocyte DHA levels without increasing oxidative stress.
804-817
Chopra, Harsha V.
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Kehoe, Sarah H.
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Sahariah, Sirazul A.
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Sane, Harshad N.
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Cox, Vanessa A.
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Tarwade, Dnyaneshwar V.
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Margetts, Barrie M.
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Potdar, Ramesh D.
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Fall, Caroline H.D.
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Joshi, Sadhana R.
ec0e6bb6-cdf5-4e7f-9b50-283d60b738f8
Chopra, Harsha V.
ec7ab054-dbe0-4189-a4ca-8bbe3298ca08
Kehoe, Sarah H.
534e5729-632b-4b4f-8401-164d8c20aa26
Sahariah, Sirazul A.
617c5c15-97be-45e8-8529-a5f306dbccf3
Sane, Harshad N.
aeefe997-79ff-46ac-ba3a-98becd939501
Cox, Vanessa A.
0edb4291-8b30-4914-9918-841268605d21
Tarwade, Dnyaneshwar V.
89f5776a-fe01-427c-8d84-be7394150029
Margetts, Barrie M.
d415f4a1-d572-4ebc-be25-f54886cb4788
Potdar, Ramesh D.
62aa063e-47ba-46ca-bbc6-290b6dbc4202
Fall, Caroline H.D.
7171a105-34f5-4131-89d7-1aa639893b18
Joshi, Sadhana R.
ec0e6bb6-cdf5-4e7f-9b50-283d60b738f8

Chopra, Harsha V., Kehoe, Sarah H., Sahariah, Sirazul A., Sane, Harshad N., Cox, Vanessa A., Tarwade, Dnyaneshwar V., Margetts, Barrie M., Potdar, Ramesh D., Fall, Caroline H.D. and Joshi, Sadhana R. (2018) Effect of a daily snack containing green leafy vegetables on women's fatty acid status: a randomized controlled trial in Mumbai, India. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 27 (4), 804-817. (doi:10.6133/apjcn.032018.01).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Background and Objectives: There are few data on the fatty acid status of non-pregnant Indian women. Our objective was to investigate the effect of a snack containing green leafy vegetables (GLVs) on women’s erythrocyte long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status (LCPUFA). Methods and Study Design: Non-pregnant women (n=222) aged 14-35 years from Mumbai slums were randomized to consume a snack containing GLVs, fruit and milk (treatment) or a control snack containing foods of low micronutrient content such as potato and onion, daily under observation. One treatment snack contained a mean (SD) of 54.1 (33.7) mg alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and one control snack contained 4.1 (3.4) mg ALA. Blood was collected at baseline (0 weeks) and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Erythrocyte fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography and expressed as g/100g fatty acids. Plasma malondialdehyde, homocysteine, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were measured. The effect of the treatment on 12 week LCPUFA was assessed using ANCOVA models. Results: Median (IQR) erythrocyte DHA in the treatment group increased from 1.50 (1.11, 2.03) at baseline to 1.86 (1.50, 2.43) (p<0.001) at 12 weeks, and fell in controls from 1.78 (1.37, 2.32) to 1.60 (1.32, 2.04) (p<0.001). The total n-3 fatty acids increased in the treatment group. There was no effect on malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme levels. Plasma homocysteine at 0 and 12 weeks was inversely associated with erythrocyte DHA at 12 weeks. Conclusion: Daily consumption of a snack containing GLV improved women’s erythrocyte DHA levels without increasing oxidative stress.

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APJCN Manuscript 24_6_17 final accepted version clean - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 16 July 2017
e-pub ahead of print date: 26 July 2018
Published date: July 2018

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Local EPrints ID: 422898
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/422898
PURE UUID: 7068015d-0f79-467e-b3d0-6ec37d7ac8af
ORCID for Sarah H. Kehoe: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2584-7999
ORCID for Caroline H.D. Fall: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-5552

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Date deposited: 07 Aug 2018 16:31
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 06:57

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Contributors

Author: Harsha V. Chopra
Author: Sarah H. Kehoe ORCID iD
Author: Sirazul A. Sahariah
Author: Harshad N. Sane
Author: Vanessa A. Cox
Author: Dnyaneshwar V. Tarwade
Author: Ramesh D. Potdar
Author: Sadhana R. Joshi

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