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Comparison of carbon materials as cathodes for the aluminium-ion battery

Comparison of carbon materials as cathodes for the aluminium-ion battery
Comparison of carbon materials as cathodes for the aluminium-ion battery

Aluminium-ion batteries are of increasing interest as alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, as they use more abundant materials and suffer from fewer safety risks. The limiting factor for battery performance is the capacity of the cathode towards [AlCl4]- intercalation. Although several cathode materials have been used recently, there have been few studies that directly compare the capacity of different cathodes. Graphitic carbon materials have many features that make them ideal for aluminium-ion intercalation: they are electrically conductive, low density and low-cost, and are available in a wide variety of morphologies. This work compares four common forms of graphitic carbon: pyrolytic graphite, carbon paper, carbon cloth and carbon felt as aluminium-ion cathodes. The materials differ in their porosity, average graphite crystallite size, and properties as aluminium-intercalating agents. It was found that of all the materials examined, carbon paper had the highest energy density at 122 Wh.kg−1, and had superior stability compared to pyrolytic graphite as the C-rate of cycling was increased. It also did not undergo crystallographic alteration even after cycling up to the 20C rate. Both carbon paper and pyrolytic graphite have capacities around 70 mAh.g−1 for aluminium intercalation, and carbon cloth and felt have lower capacities of 20–40 mAh.g−1.

Aluminium intercalation, Aluminium-ion battery, Graphitic materials
0008-6223
333-341
Mckerracher, R. D.
f5f9f0e7-a256-4714-b752-e3bb8dab03fc
Holland, A.
e58ebfdb-e31a-4962-bd40-530cd8ee4cb6
Cruden, A.
ed709997-4402-49a7-9ad5-f4f3c62d29ab
Wills, R. G.A.
60b7c98f-eced-4b11-aad9-fd2484e26c2c
Mckerracher, R. D.
f5f9f0e7-a256-4714-b752-e3bb8dab03fc
Holland, A.
e58ebfdb-e31a-4962-bd40-530cd8ee4cb6
Cruden, A.
ed709997-4402-49a7-9ad5-f4f3c62d29ab
Wills, R. G.A.
60b7c98f-eced-4b11-aad9-fd2484e26c2c

Mckerracher, R. D., Holland, A., Cruden, A. and Wills, R. G.A. (2019) Comparison of carbon materials as cathodes for the aluminium-ion battery. Carbon, 144, 333-341. (doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.021).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Aluminium-ion batteries are of increasing interest as alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, as they use more abundant materials and suffer from fewer safety risks. The limiting factor for battery performance is the capacity of the cathode towards [AlCl4]- intercalation. Although several cathode materials have been used recently, there have been few studies that directly compare the capacity of different cathodes. Graphitic carbon materials have many features that make them ideal for aluminium-ion intercalation: they are electrically conductive, low density and low-cost, and are available in a wide variety of morphologies. This work compares four common forms of graphitic carbon: pyrolytic graphite, carbon paper, carbon cloth and carbon felt as aluminium-ion cathodes. The materials differ in their porosity, average graphite crystallite size, and properties as aluminium-intercalating agents. It was found that of all the materials examined, carbon paper had the highest energy density at 122 Wh.kg−1, and had superior stability compared to pyrolytic graphite as the C-rate of cycling was increased. It also did not undergo crystallographic alteration even after cycling up to the 20C rate. Both carbon paper and pyrolytic graphite have capacities around 70 mAh.g−1 for aluminium intercalation, and carbon cloth and felt have lower capacities of 20–40 mAh.g−1.

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Carbon Materials as Cathodes for Al_ion_review_corrections_carbon - Accepted Manuscript
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Accepted/In Press date: 6 December 2018
e-pub ahead of print date: 6 December 2018
Published date: 1 April 2019
Keywords: Aluminium intercalation, Aluminium-ion battery, Graphitic materials

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 428607
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/428607
ISSN: 0008-6223
PURE UUID: 01031f23-974f-4814-bc72-83e45a074446
ORCID for A. Cruden: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-2535
ORCID for R. G.A. Wills: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-7589

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Date deposited: 04 Mar 2019 17:30
Last modified: 06 Jun 2024 04:17

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Contributors

Author: A. Holland
Author: A. Cruden ORCID iD
Author: R. G.A. Wills ORCID iD

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