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Failed suppression of salient stimuli precedes behavioral errors

Failed suppression of salient stimuli precedes behavioral errors
Failed suppression of salient stimuli precedes behavioral errors
Our visual system is constantly confronted with more information than it can process. To deal with the limited capacity, attention allows us to enhance relevant information and suppress irrelevant information. Particularly, the suppression of salient irrelevant stimuli has shown to be important as it prevents attention to be captured and thus attentional resources to be wasted. This study aimed at directly connecting failures to suppress distraction with a neural marker of suppression, the distractor positivity (Pd). We measured participants' EEG signal while they performed a visual search task in which they had to report a digit inside a shape target while ignoring distractors, one of which could be a salient color singleton. Reports of target digits served as a behavioral index of enhancement, and reports of color distractor digits served as a behavioral index of failed suppression, each measured against reports of neutral distractor digits serving as a baseline. Participants reported the target identity more often than any distractor identity. The singleton identity was reported least often, suggesting suppression of the singleton below baseline. Suppression of salient stimuli was absent in the beginning and then increased throughout the experiment. When the singleton identity was reported, the Pd was observed in a later time window, suggesting that behavioral errors were preceded by failed suppression. Our results provide evidence for the signal suppression hypothesis that states salient items have to be actively suppressed to avoid attentional capture. Our results also provide direct evidence that the Pd is reflecting such active suppression.
0898-929X
367-377
Feldmann-Wustefeld, Tobias
ad65a041-3b03-4374-8483-2eb878a6c909
Busch, Niko A.
25756146-04b5-4f71-8c3d-83eaa12597a2
Schubö, Anna
b76528b7-1aba-424c-ba62-242cbc0bfcd9
Feldmann-Wustefeld, Tobias
ad65a041-3b03-4374-8483-2eb878a6c909
Busch, Niko A.
25756146-04b5-4f71-8c3d-83eaa12597a2
Schubö, Anna
b76528b7-1aba-424c-ba62-242cbc0bfcd9

Feldmann-Wustefeld, Tobias, Busch, Niko A. and Schubö, Anna (2020) Failed suppression of salient stimuli precedes behavioral errors. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32 (2), 367-377. (doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01502).

Record type: Article

Abstract

Our visual system is constantly confronted with more information than it can process. To deal with the limited capacity, attention allows us to enhance relevant information and suppress irrelevant information. Particularly, the suppression of salient irrelevant stimuli has shown to be important as it prevents attention to be captured and thus attentional resources to be wasted. This study aimed at directly connecting failures to suppress distraction with a neural marker of suppression, the distractor positivity (Pd). We measured participants' EEG signal while they performed a visual search task in which they had to report a digit inside a shape target while ignoring distractors, one of which could be a salient color singleton. Reports of target digits served as a behavioral index of enhancement, and reports of color distractor digits served as a behavioral index of failed suppression, each measured against reports of neutral distractor digits serving as a baseline. Participants reported the target identity more often than any distractor identity. The singleton identity was reported least often, suggesting suppression of the singleton below baseline. Suppression of salient stimuli was absent in the beginning and then increased throughout the experiment. When the singleton identity was reported, the Pd was observed in a later time window, suggesting that behavioral errors were preceded by failed suppression. Our results provide evidence for the signal suppression hypothesis that states salient items have to be actively suppressed to avoid attentional capture. Our results also provide direct evidence that the Pd is reflecting such active suppression.

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This is the author’s final version, the article has been accepted for publication in Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience - Accepted Manuscript
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More information

Accepted/In Press date: 21 October 2019
e-pub ahead of print date: 30 December 2019
Published date: February 2020
Additional Information: Funding Information: This research was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation; project number 222641018, SFB/TRR 135 TP B3). Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Identifiers

Local EPrints ID: 435363
URI: http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/435363
ISSN: 0898-929X
PURE UUID: d6fd94e1-aa1c-4f6d-9f4b-9ff005bf31fd

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Date deposited: 01 Nov 2019 17:30
Last modified: 16 Mar 2024 04:53

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Contributors

Author: Tobias Feldmann-Wustefeld
Author: Niko A. Busch
Author: Anna Schubö

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